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Characteristics of decay kinetics of atoms in photonic crystals with absolute gaps

Gu Ben

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The characteristics of the decay kinetics of a two-level atom near the band edges of photonic crystals with absolute gaps are analyzed. It is found that the decay behavior of an excited atom can be fundamentally changed by the variation of the atomic position: the Weisskopf-Wigner and non-Weisskopf-Wigner decay phenomena occur at different atomic positions as a result of a significant difference in the local coupling strength between the photons and an atom. Our finding implies that it is possible to tailor luminescence spectra by controlling the atomic position.

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Physical Review E•Oct 5, 2004•15 citations
The characteristics of the decay kinetics of a two-level atom near the band edges of photonic crystals with absolute gaps are analyzed. It is found that the decay behavior of an excited atom can be fundamentally changed by the variation of the atomic position: the Weisskopf-Wigner and non-Weisskopf-Wigner decay phenomena occur at different atomic positions as a result of a significant difference in the local coupling strength between the photons and an atom. Our finding implies that it is possible to tailor luminescence spectra by controlling the atomic position.
Decay kinetic properties of a two-level atom near the band edges of photonic crystals (PCs) with absolute gaps are studied based on the Green's function expression for the evolution operator. The local coupling strength between the photons and an atom is evaluated by an exact numerical method. It is found that the decay behavior of an excited atom can be fundamentally changed by the variation of the atomic position: Weisskopf-Wigner and non-Weisskopf-Wigner decay phenomena occur at different atomic positions in the PCs as a result of a significant difference in the local coupling strength. Our finding implies that it is possible to engineer the luminescence spectrum by controlling the atomic position.
We investigate spontaneous emission from a two-level atom embedded in photonic crystals. Due to the photon localization and the quantum interference between the two dressed states, some changes of the radiation field happen, and the energy is transferred among the excited atom, the localized field, the propagating field and the diffusion field. If there is a localized field, it appears quasi-oscillation behaves of the population evolution in the excited level. If there isn't a localized field, it appears no quasi-oscillation. Moreover, there have some steady-state trapped atom populations in the excited level, and the spontaneous emission spectrum near the forbidden gap edge is different from that in the vacuum. All these characteristics depend not only on the relative position of the excited level from the band-edge but also on the photon density of states (or the band-edge smoothing parameter) near the band edge.
Spontaneous emission from a two-level atom embedded in photonic crystals was investigated in this paper. Due to the photon localization and the quantum interference between the two dressed states, some changes in the radiation field take place: when the excited level moves from the gap to the band, the energy of the localized field is transferred to the propagating field through the diffusion field. If the localized field and the propagating field could coexist, the population evolution in the excited level would exhibit quasi-oscillation behavior. If they could not coexist, there would be no quasi-oscillation. The steady-state trapped atom population in the excited level is changed also. All these characteristics depend not only on the relative position δ of the excited level ω _1 with respect to the band-edge ω _c but also on the photon density of states ρ(ω_k) (or the band-edge smoothing parameter e ) near the band edge.
The radiative characteristics and the decay properties of a Λ-type excited atom embedded in anisotropic photonic crystals are studied. It is found that the dynamic properties of the atom and the propagating characteristics of the emitted field are apparently influenced by the relative position of the upper level from the forbidden gap and the two lower levels. By Von Neumann measurement, the effects of measurements on the decaying atom are investigated. The frequent projection on the excited state can lead to decay suppression or an acceleration effect at rather low repetition rates, depending on the frequency of measurements and the relative position of the upper level from the photonic crystals band edge.