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Kerr Effect in Brillouin Fiber-optic Ringesonator

Wang Jun

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Based on the mechanism of Kerr effect in Brillouin Fiber-optic Ring Resonator(BFRR),the resonant cavity characteristic is researched theoretically when considering the Kerr effect,in order to get the possibility of occurrence of first-order Stokes light optical bistability. Experiments show that the optical bistability in 30 meters short cavity happens while input light intensity is about 440 μW,and the bistability is related with coupling coefficient and the insertion loss of the cavity coupler. Secondly,the Kerr effect in BFRR of Brillouin Fiber-optic Gyroscope (BFOG) is analyzed,focusing on the influence of resonant deviation on gyroscope nonlinear output and dynamic working range. Furthermore,the double-loop BFOG program is proposed,which provides a potential solution of Kerr effect error in Brillouin fiber-optic gyroscope.

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Based on the mechanism of Kerr effect in Brillouin Fiber-optic Ring Resonator(BFRR),the resonant cavity characteristic is researched theoretically when considering the Kerr effect,in order to get the possibility of occurrence of first-order Stokes light optical bistability. Experiments show that the optical bistability in 30 meters short cavity happens while input light intensity is about 440 μW,and the bistability is related with coupling coefficient and the insertion loss of the cavity coupler. Secondly,the Kerr effect in BFRR of Brillouin Fiber-optic Gyroscope (BFOG) is analyzed,focusing on the influence of resonant deviation on gyroscope nonlinear output and dynamic working range. Furthermore,the double-loop BFOG program is proposed,which provides a potential solution of Kerr effect error in Brillouin fiber-optic gyroscope.
In this paper we demonstrate the dynamic simulation of light traveling in a nonlinear fiber optic ring resonator (FORR) with a single coupler. The mathematical relations describing the nonlinear characteristics of the FORR are derived from light transmission theory in linear optical systems. Optical nonlinear phenomena such as bifurcation and chaos are investigated for optical bistability and the Ikeda instability. It is found that for the Ikeda instability of light inside a FORR, the ring-cavity lifetime is much longer than the Kerr-effect response time of the fiber ring. Transmission curves of bistability and instability are shown as a function of the coupler insertion losses (γ) and the coupling coefficients (κ).
We numerically investigate the transient interaction between optical Kerr bistability and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) when an intense optical pulse is incident in a short fiber ring resonator. An initial phase detuning of the ring resonator and the difference in the phase shift between the pump wave and the created Stokes wave are taken into account in the three-wave SBS model. The ratio of the Brillouin gain coefficient to the nonlinear refractive index of the fiber, which is termed the relative Brillouin gain coefficient, is used as a key parameter for examining the conditions for obtaining optical Kerr bistability in a fiber ring resonator. The numerical results show that optical Kerr bistability cannot be obtained in a ring resonator made from a conventional fused-silica fiber because of the generation of SBS. However, if other fibers with relative Brillouin gain coefficients at least 1 order smaller than that of fused-silica fibers are used, we can suppress SBS and hence obtain optical Kerr bistability. Moreover, we investigate theoretically and experimentally the dynamics of SBS in a fused-silica fiber ring resonator irradiated by a Gaussian pulse. The relaxation and pulsation in the Stokes signal depend strongly on the initial phase detuning of the ring resonator. The experimental results obtained with a single-frequency pulsed YAG laser agree qualitatively with theoretical predictions.
Dispersive optical bistability with a threshold cw input power of approximately 10 mW has been observed in a single-mode fiber-optic ring resonator. Light is coupled in and out of the resonator by a single-mode-fiber variable directional coupler. A fiber-optic Faraday isolator is incorporated into the ring, thus increasing the threshold for stimulated Brillouin oscillation by a factor of 100 and permitting other weaker nonlinear effects such as bistability to be observed. Phase-sensitive amplification and deamplification (squeezing) of classical time-stationary noise is demonstrated and shown to be in agreement with the theory of squeezed-state generation in such a nonlinear fiber ring resonator. Light scattering by elastic eigenmodes of the fiber (guided-acoustic-wave Brillouin scattering, GAWBS) adds noise to light circulating in the resonator and obscures the observation of squeezed quantum fluctuations. The properties of this GAWBS scattering are investigated and compared with theory.