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Jisuanji yingyong yanjiu

Simulation of quantum secure direct communication protocol based on four-qubit cluster state

LI Xian-zhon

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

With the development if quantum communication,quantum secure direct communication has become a very important branch of quantum communication. But the current experiment equipment is difficult to meet the quantum communication experiment,which leads to correctness and safety of the communication protocol cannot be verified. In order to solve this problem,this paper proposed a protocol simulation algorithm. In Microsoft Visual C ++ 6. 0 platform using C ++ language to write the simulation program of quantum secure direct communication protocol,finally achieved effective and safe communication between sender and receiver. Simulation result reflects the high efficiency and absolute security features of quantum communication,in addition,consistent with the theoretical results further verify the correctness of the proposed agreement,also proves the feasibility of quantum computing simulation with computers.

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With the development if quantum communication,quantum secure direct communication has become a very important branch of quantum communication. But the current experiment equipment is difficult to meet the quantum communication experiment,which leads to correctness and safety of the communication protocol cannot be verified. In order to solve this problem,this paper proposed a protocol simulation algorithm. In Microsoft Visual C ++ 6. 0 platform using C ++ language to write the simulation program of quantum secure direct communication protocol,finally achieved effective and safe communication between sender and receiver. Simulation result reflects the high efficiency and absolute security features of quantum communication,in addition,consistent with the theoretical results further verify the correctness of the proposed agreement,also proves the feasibility of quantum computing simulation with computers.
A controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol based on four-qubit cluster states and quantum search algorithm is put forward, in which four users, a sender, a receiver and two controllers, are involved in achieving the secure transmission of secret message. The four-qubit cluster state can ensure the feasibility and security of the protocol because of its large persistency of entanglement. Meanwhile, the idea of quantum search algorithm is used to accomplish the task of encoding and decoding secret message. The proposed protocol can successfully avoid the information leakage problem and resist some common attacks including the outsider attacks and the internal attacks, and its qubit efficiency is up to 20%. Furthermore, compared with the previous quantum secure direct communication protocols, it can effectively resist the attacks from the dishonest receiver.
Quantum communication is an unconditional secure communication manner using qubits to transmit information.By applying the quantum computation language which is used in quantum computation to the research of quantum communication,the validity and security simulation of a typical secure direct communication protocol,and various performance indexes of it were achieved.The simulation results were tallied with theoretic ones,which verified the feasibility of the new method.The import of quantum computation language provides a powerful-convenient and universal tool for the research of quantum communication.
A new controlled quantum secure direct communication (CQSDC) protocol is presented by using a four-particle cluster state as quantum channel and the physical characteristics of controlled quantum teleportation to implement the transmission and the control. In this scheme, the receiver can receive the secret message from the sender and recover the secret message under the permission of the controller. According to the security analysis, the communication is secure against both participant and outside attacks, so this CQSDC protocol is secure and feasible.
Controllable quantum secure direct communication is an important branch of quantum communication. In this paper, we propose a controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol with channel capacity controllable based on a five-particle cluster state. To start with, the sender Alice prepares the five-particle cluster state sequence and inserts decoy photon randomly, and then sends two parts of the particle sequence to the receiver Bob and the controller Cindy, and meanwhile keeps one part of the particle sequence himself. After Bob and Cindy receive the particle sequence, Alice performs a Z-based single-particle measurement and publishes the measurement results and the position information of the decoy photon through the classical channel. According to the information published by Alice, Bob and Cindy remove the decoy photon and perform a Bell-state measurement to their own part particle sequence. Three sides of communication complete the first safety examination of the channel by checking the bit error rate of the measurement results. After that, the controller Cindy determines the channel capacity by selecting the measurement base (Z basis or X basis) to measure its own particle sequence, and then announces the measured results with classical channel. The sender Alice inserts decoy photon and codes the information by doing a unitary transformation to its own particle sequence and then sends the receiver Bob and tells him the position information of the decoy photon with classical channel. Combining the information published by Cindy with the information transmitted by Alice, Bob can complete the second safety examination of the channel and decode the information Alice has sent by removing decoy photon and performing a Bell-state measurement of his own two groups of particle with appropriate rules. Through an analysis of the entangled structural properties of the five-particle cluster state, it has been confirmed that this protocol is designed to make full use of the entanglement properties of the five-particle cluster in different entangled structures. Therefore the protocol can obviously be generalized into the two-way controlled quantum secure direct communication by simply changing the rules of the measurement and the particles used for unitary coding. Through analyzing the security of this protocol, it reveals that this protocol can effectively both prevent eavesdroppers from eavesdropping useful information and monitor this kind of act, and therefore the controlled quantum secure direct communication can theoretically be established in a certain noise environment.
In order to improve the communication efficiency and security of Quantum Secure Direct Communication, a new Quantum Secure Direct Communication scheme based on d-dimension Bell entangled state is proposed. In the scheme, the receiver and the sender transport the d-dimensional Bell particles as secure test particles to ensure the security of communication. The receiver can calculate the security of the channel according to the measurement of d-dimensional Bell state particles, which is based on the entanglement properties of the d-dimensional Bell state. Secret information is transmitted through the other d-dimensional Bell state particles by dense coding technique. Then, the receiver can determine the security of the channel by comparing the measurements of the particles and makes a joint measurement of the transmitted particles to obtain secret information. Finally, the entropy theory is used to analyze the security of the protocol. Under the four dimensional Bell state, the transmission efficiency of the protocol is 90.90% and the efficiency of the quantum bit is 45.45%. The results show that the proposed scheme is safe and reliable and has high transmission efficiency.
To make the communication channel more resistant to noise, and to make the transmission of messages in the channel both safe and efficient, this paper proposes a quantum secure direct communication protocol using quantum fingerprint and quantum teleportation in a decoherence-free subspace. Firstly, the quantum fingerprint is applied to the identity authentication of the protocol, so that the two qubits are smoothly transmitted from the sender to the receiver through the quantum channel. Then, the order of the measured messages is restored. Finally, security analysis and comparison with other protocols are carried out. The analysis result shows that the proposed protocol can transmit messages safely and efficiently, and its channel capacity is also high.