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Acta Optica Sinica

Radiative lifeiime measurements on Tm atoms by observing laser-induced time resolved fluorescence

Z Iang, Ang L

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Lifetime measurements on Tm atoms have been performed with two-step laser excitation and observing the time-resolved fluorescence released from the excited states to be .measured. Ten lifetime values of neutral Tm atoms are first reported.

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Time Resolved Laser Spectroscopy of Rydberg States in Group IIIA and IIIA Elements

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In this work radiative properties of neutral elements with one or two electrons outside closed subshells have been investigated. Using laser techniques in connection with atomic beams selective excitation of Rydberg states was performed. Most of the studied states were populated with two-step excitation. Some states were reached directly from the ground state or from a metastable state and occasionally two-photon absorption was used. The excitation sometimes involved the use of frequency-doubling and Raman- shifting techniques. By time-resolved detection of the decay light from an excited state, primarily information on the radiative lifetime is obtained. With two different experimental arrangements radiative lifetimes in several Rydberg states have been determined. Using the quantum-beat technique time-resolved detection also provides information on energy splittings. This technique was used to measure hyperfine-structure splittings.To obtain information about hyperfine-structure constants and isotope shifts high- resolution spectroscopy on a collimated atomic beam was also employed. The behaviour of highly excited alkali atoms is mostly hydrogen- like and well predicted by theory. Group III A elements have one electron outside a closed subshell and are expected to behave like alkali atoms. The situation is however complicated by the presence of doubly excited states. Configuration interaction can then cause a partial mixing between singly and doubly excited states. In the alkaline-earth atoms (group II A elements), having two electrons outside closed shells, the situation is similar. In a Rydberg series of one excited electron the admixture of doubly excited states can cause large deviations from hydrogenic behaviour. Another complication in the alkaline-earth atoms is the mixture of singlet- and triplet states. - 4 - The presented results from measurements made on Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ga and In will primarily serve as a basis for tests of modern atomic-physics models. Some of the lifetime values are also of astrophysical interest. Keywords: Laser spectroscopy, Rydberg states, time resolved, high resolution, two-step excitation, metastable state, two-photon absorption, frequency doubling, Raman shifting, radiative lifetime, quantum beat, hyperfine structure, isotope shift, Stark shift, alkali atoms, group III A elements, alkaline-earth atoms, configuration interaction, singlet-triplet mixing.

Lund reports on atomic physics•Jan 1, 1984•0 citations
Lifetimes of 21 excited states in atomic Yb were measured using time-resolved fluorescence detection following pulsed laser excitation. The lifetime of the 4${\mathit{f}}^{14}5d65d65d6{\mathit{s}}^{\mathrm{}3}$D1{\mathit{D}}_{1}D1​ state, which is of particular importance for a proposed study of parity nonconservation in atoms, was measured to be 380(30) ns. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We provide a detailed description of our fast-beam laser lifetime measurements in atomic cesium. Selective excitation of the neutral 133Cs{}^{133}\mathrm{Cs}133Cs 6p2P1/26p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}6p2P1/2​ and 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ states is accomplished with resonant diode laser light directed transversely to the atomic velocity. The in-flight decay of the excited-state fluorescence is observed with a position-correlated single photon-counting detector. The Doppler-shifted 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ resonance, when probed with longitudinally propagating laser radiation, provides a precise means for determination of the beam velocity, and converts the position scale to a time scale. Our lifetime results are $35.07\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.10 \mathrm{ns}$ for the 6p2P1/26p{}^{2}{P}_{1/2}6p2P1/2​ state and $30.57\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.07 \mathrm{ns}$ for the 6p2P3/26p{}^{2}{P}_{3/2}6p2P3/2​ state. These results represent a data set larger than in our previous work, and include beam divergence corrections which have been evaluated by two different methods. We present comparisons of our results with previous measurements and with relativistic many-body calculations of atomic transition matrix elements in this neutral alkali system.
In this work radiative properties of neutral elements with one or two electrons outside closed subshells have been investigated. Using laser techniques in connection with atomic beams selective excitation of Rydberg states was performed. Most of the studied states were populated with two-step excitation. Some states were reached directly from the ground state or from a metastable state and occasionally two-photon absorption was used. The excitation sometimes involved the use of frequency-doubling and Raman- shifting techniques. By time-resolved detection of the decay light from an excited state, primarily information on the radiative lifetime is obtained. With two different experimental arrangements radiative lifetimes in several Rydberg states have been determined. Using the quantum-beat technique time-resolved detection also provides information on energy splittings. This technique was used to measure hyperfine-structure splittings.To obtain information about hyperfine-structure constants and isotope shifts high- resolution spectroscopy on a collimated atomic beam was also employed. The behaviour of highly excited alkali atoms is mostly hydrogen- like and well predicted by theory. Group III A elements have one electron outside a closed subshell and are expected to behave like alkali atoms. The situation is however complicated by the presence of doubly excited states. Configuration interaction can then cause a partial mixing between singly and doubly excited states. In the alkaline-earth atoms (group II A elements), having two electrons outside closed shells, the situation is similar. In a Rydberg series of one excited electron the admixture of doubly excited states can cause large deviations from hydrogenic behaviour. Another complication in the alkaline-earth atoms is the mixture of singlet- and triplet states. - 4 - The presented results from measurements made on Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ga and In will primarily serve as a basis for tests of modern atomic-physics models. Some of the lifetime values are also of astrophysical interest. Keywords: Laser spectroscopy, Rydberg states, time resolved, high resolution, two-step excitation, metastable state, two-photon absorption, frequency doubling, Raman shifting, radiative lifetime, quantum beat, hyperfine structure, isotope shift, Stark shift, alkali atoms, group III A elements, alkaline-earth atoms, configuration interaction, singlet-triplet mixing.