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Acta Physica Sinica

The coherent excitation property of a two-level atom w itha hyperfine structure in narrow band laser field

Wang Li－Jun, Yu Hui-Ying, 清华大学工程物理系,北京　100084

Published Jan 1, 2004• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper the semi-classic theory of coherent excitation of a two-level atom was modified and applied to a two-level atom with a hyperfine structure. The im portant result of calculation is as follows: when the exciting laser power is la rge enough, due to the power broadening effect, a narrow-band laser can excite a two-level atom with a hyperfine structure effectively. So it is not necessary t o use a broad-band laser to guarantee excitation efficiency for an atom with hyp erfine split levels.

DOI
10.7498/aps.53.4151

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In this paper the semi-classic theory of coherent excitation of a two-level atom was modified and applied to a two-level atom with a hyperfine structure. The im portant result of calculation is as follows: when the exciting laser power is la rge enough, due to the power broadening effect, a narrow-band laser can excite a two-level atom with a hyperfine structure effectively. So it is not necessary t o use a broad-band laser to guarantee excitation efficiency for an atom with hyp erfine split levels.
Anisotropic coherent radiation has been generated from an isotropic medium, in the absence of an external magnetic field, by the spin polarization of an atomic excited state. Lasing on specific hyperfine lines of the 6p2P32→6s2S12 (D2) transition of Cs at 852.1 nm has been realized by photoexciting Cs-rare gas thermal collision pairs with a circularly-polarized (σ+) optical field. Subsequent dissociation of the transient Cs-rare gas B2Σ12+ diatomic molecule selectively populates theF= 4, 5 hyperfine levels of the Cs 6p2P32 state. Not only does electronic spin polarization of the upper laser level yield circularly-polarized coherent emission, but the effective degeneracy (g2) of the 6p2P32 state is altered by the non-statistical hyperfine state population distribution, thereby permitting control of the laser small signal gain with an elliptically-polarized pump optical field. TheD2laser efficiency and output power correlate directly with the molecular orbital structure of the Cs-rare gasB2Σ+state in the region of internuclear separation at which the diatomic complex is born.
We theoretically study the generation of coherence in generalized two-level atoms with hyperfine structure by utilizing the detuning-induced stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (D-STIRAP). As expected, the degree of attainable coherence between the ground and excited states cannot be as large as that for the ideal two-level atoms without hyperfine structure. However, we find that the substantial degree of coherence can still be produced with small modulations, and the modulation period is essentially determined by the hyperfine splittings in the ground and excited states. The D-STIRAP scheme in generalized two-level atoms is sufficiently robust against the various parameters such as intensities of lasers, initial detuning, time delay between the laser pulses, and Doppler broadening. As a specific example, we show realistic results for the D1{D}_{1}D1​ transition of Na.
The excitation spectrum is calculated for a three-level atom interacting with two strong electromagnetic fields. The two fields are in resonance with the atomic transition frequencies from the ground state to the two excited states. The excitation spectrum consists of a central peak and two pairs of side bands for each of the two transitions. If the decay rates of the two excited states are equal a relatively simple closed form expression is derived for the excitation spectrum. For unequal decay rates numerical methods are used to determine the excitation spectrum for selected special cases.