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New Physics Sae Mulli

Temperature Measurement by Using Time of Flight to Magneto Optically Trapped $^{87}$Rb Atoms

Hoon Yu, Hyun Kyung Lee, Mi Hyun Choi, Jung Bog Kim

Published Apr 30, 2012• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.3938/npsm.62.399

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Temperature Measurement by Using Time of Flight to Magneto Optically Trapped 87^{87}87Rb Atoms
Temperatures of rubidium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap have been measured using time-of-flight. By varying the parameters of the trap, we find that lower temperatures are obtained with lower laser intensities, larger laser detunings, lower atomic densities, and with the 85 vs. the 87 isotope. Temperatures are below the Doppler limit (140 {mu}K for Rb) in most cases. By measuring the size of the trapped cloud as well as the temperature, we can infer the spring constant of the trap. For comparison purposes, we can measure temperatures in optical molasses by turning off the magnetic field of the trap.
The experimental setup for cooling and trapping~(87)Rb atoms in magneto-optical trap(MOT) and the process of them are briefly introduced in this paper.The number of cold atoms is measured by detecting the fluorescence emitted from~(87)Rb atoms.The laser probe beam is set at the positions which are 4mm,7mm,10mm below the atoms cloud,the short-distance time-of-flight(TOF) Absorption signals are obtained during the falling of atoms.The average temperature of cold atoms is obtained by numerical simulating.The results show that the number of cold atoms is about 10~(9),the density is about 10~(11)/cm~3 and the cooling temperature of atomic cloud is about 200 μK,such cold atoms can be used as good EIT medium.