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Physical Review A

Multiphoton path-entanglement generation by concurrent parametric down-conversion in a single χ(2) nonlinear photonic crystal

Yan-Xiao Gong, Ping Xu, Y. F. Bai, J. Yang, H. Y. Leng, Zhenda Xie, Shining N. Zhu

Published Aug 20, 2012• 15 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a two-dimensional ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinear photonic crystal capable of satisfying quasi-phase-matching conditions for two or three parametric down-conversions simultaneously. Seeded by a two-mode coherent state, this crystal can produce two-, three-, four-, or five-photon path-entangled states, provided the corresponding number photons are produced, i.e., in a postselection-free way. In particular, up to five-photon NOON state can be generated, which enables phase supersensitive measurements at the Heisenberg limit. The concurrent multiple quasi-phase-matchings provided by the nonlinear photonic crystal open up a way to integrated quantum light sources.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.86.023835

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We propose a scheme for generating polarization-entangled photon pairs using a χ((2)) nonlinear photonic crystal, which is designed for enabling two concurrent quasi-phase-matched spontaneous parametric downconversion processes. Beamlike photon pairs produced from each process are collinear but noncollinear with the pump. Moreover, the source we design works in a postselection-free way and applies to both degenerate and nondegenerate cases. Combining possible waveguide technologies, our scheme may provide an integrated polarization entanglement source.
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nonlinear photonic crystal. The state is favorable for existing Gaussian entanglement distillation schemes, since local squeezing operations can enhance the final entanglement and the success probability. The crystal is designed for enabling three concurrent quasi-phase-matching parametric-down conversions, and hence relieves the auxiliary on-line bi-side local squeezing operations. The compact source opens up a way for continuous-variable quantum technologies and could find more potential applications in future large-scale quantum networks.
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We report a simple scheme for direct generation of frequency-bin entangled photon pairs via spontaneous parametric downconversion. Our fabricated nonlinear optical crystal with two different poling periods can simultaneously satisfy two different, spectrally symmetric nondegenerate quasi-phase-matching conditions, enabling the direct generation of entanglement in two discrete frequency-bin modes. Our produced photon pairs exhibited Hong-Ou-Mandel interference with high-visibility beating oscillations- a signature of two-mode frequency-bin entanglement. Moreover, we demonstrate deterministic entanglement-mode conversion from frequency-bin to polarization modes, with which our source can be more versatile for various quantum applications. Our scheme can be extended to direct generation of high-dimensional frequency-bin entanglement, and thus will be a key technology for frequency-multiplexed optical quantum information processing.