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Physical Review A

Near-surface effect on interatomic resonance interaction

Qi-Zhang Yuan, Chun-Hua Yuan, Weiping Zhang

Published Mar 28, 2016• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study theoretically the resonance interaction between two atoms located near a dielectric-plate surface with quantum electrodynamics. One atom is initially excited and the other one is in the ground state. The effect of the surface exerted on the atoms can sufficiently change the interatomic resonance interaction. This near-surface effect on resonance interaction can be used to control atoms and can help to build on-chip quantum devices, new types of light sources, and quantum storage devices.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.93.032517

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We study theoretically the resonance interaction between two atoms located near a dielectric-plate surface with quantum electrodynamics. One atom is initially excited and the other one is in the ground state. The effect of the surface exerted on the atoms can sufficiently change the interatomic resonance interaction. This near-surface effect on resonance interaction can be used to control atoms and can help to build on-chip quantum devices, new types of light sources, and quantum storage devices.
We have theoretically investigated the process of spontaneous emission of initially excited two-level atom inside and outside of ultra-thin dielectric film. Dielectric medium is considered as discrete-continuous system of interacting dipoles. For the solution of this boundary problem of quantum optics we use Heisenberg equations for atomic operators. Mode functions of ultra-thin film are calculated by direct solution of integro-differential field equation. Coordinate dependences of excited state life time are analyzed and it is shown that consideration of near-field effect may essentially change spectral properties of the atoms located at small distances from the surface.
The atomic response to resonant light irradiation near vapor-dielectric interfaces is monitored via high-resolution reflection spectroscopy. One demonstrates that this Doppler-free spectroscopic technique yields a novel probe of atomic dynamics and QED atom-surface long- range interaction. It provides for the first time a spectral evidence of van der Waals attraction, and the method is intrinsically applicable to the observation of surface interaction exerted on excited atoms. Effects related with atomic excitation level, nature of the dielectrics, and atomic collisions are discussed.
We study how the radiative properties of a dense ensemble of atoms can be modified when they are placed near or between metallic or dielectric surfaces. If the average separation between the atoms is comparable or smaller than the wavelength of the scattered photons, the coupling to the radiation field induces long-range coherent interactions based on the interatomic exchange of virtual photons. Moreover, the incoherent scattering of photons back to the electromagnetic field is known to be a many-body process, characterized by the appearance of superradiant and subradiant emission modes. By changing the radiation field properties, in this case by considering a layered medium where the atoms are near metallic or dielectric surfaces, these scattering properties can be dramatically modified. We perform a detailed study of these effects, with focus on experimentally relevant parameter regimes. We finish with a specific application in the context of quantum information storage, where the presence of a nearby surface is shown to increase the storage time of an atomic excitation that is transported across a one-dimensional chain.
Studied within the framework of both classical and quantum-mechanical approaches is the resonance interaction between two atomic dipoles one of which is located inside a dielectric microsphere and the other near its outer surface. The dispersion equation of this system is found. The analysis of this equation in a quasistatic approximation has shown that the behavior of the eigenfrequencies depends in a complex manner on the parameters of the system, and that exact resonance can be achieved, provided the parameters are suitably selected. Based on the solutions of the above equation, relationships are found between the energy-transfer rate and the system parameters. It is demonstrated that as the inside atom approaches the surface of the microsphere, resonance excitation transfer from one atom to the other can take place. Similar results are obtained when using the quantum-mechanical density matrix to define the atomic interaction. The results obtained can be of use in implementing selective microscopy with a nanometer-high spatial resolution.
Specific features of dipole–dipole interaction between two motionless point atoms located near a perfectly conducting charged plate are investigated theoretically within a consistent quantum microscopic approach. These features are analyzed on the basis of the dynamics of cooperative spontaneous decay of excited states of a diatomic quasimolecule. The decay rate is investigated as a function of the interatomic distance, the orientation angle of the quasimolecule with respect to the plane of the plate, and the distance between the quasimolecule and the plate. It is shown that the conducting plate significantly modifies the character of dipole–dipole interaction even when the plate is not charged. When the plate is charged, the Stark splitting of atomic levels leads to an additional modification of the interatomic interaction. The features observed are explained on the basis of the analysis of the spectrum of collective states of diatomic molecules.