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Acta Optica Sinica

Optical Manipulations of Quantum States with Continuous Variables

彭堃墀 Peng Kunchi, 贾晓军 Jia Xiaojun, 苏晓龙 Su Xiaolong, 谢常德 Xie Changde

Published Jan 1, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.3788/aos201131.0900107

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This thesis deals with the study of quantum communication protocols with Continuous Variable (CV) systems. Continuous Variable systems are those described by canonical conjugated coordinates x and p endowed with infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces, thus involving a complex mathematical structure. A special class of CV states, are the so-called Gaussian states. With them, it has been possible to implement certain quantum tasks as quantum teleportation, quantum cryptography and quantum computation with fantastic experimental success. The importance of Gaussian states is two-fold; firstly, its structural mathematical description makes them much more amenable than any other CV system. Secondly, its production, manipulation and detection with current optical technology can be done with a very high degree of accuracy and control. Nevertheless, it is known that in spite of their exceptional role within the space of all Continuous Variable states, in fact, Gaussian states are not always the best candidates to perform quantum information tasks. Thus non-Gaussian states emerge as potentially good candidates for communication and computation purposes.
We study the possibility of generating continuous-variable (CV) entanglement on an integrated chip through nonlinear optical waveguides coupled in a circular array. We show the simultaneous generation and manipulation of multimode CV entangled states of light in χ (2) nonlinear circular arrays (NCAs), a feat unattainable with linear optical waveguides and bulk optical elements. These weakly coupled integrated waveguide arrays are compact and can be fabricated using the femtosecond laser writing technique. This technique offers interferometric stability, scalability, and less sensitivity to decoherence. Our study investigates the potential of NCA to generate bipartite and tripartite CV entanglement. We present analytical results and numerical simulations based on coupled-mode equations for the evolution of field operators. Our findings suggest promising applications of compact on-chip sources in various photonic quantum technologies, such as communication, computing, and networking.
We describe a continuous-variable scheme for simulating the Kitaev lattice model and for detecting statistics of Abelian anyons. The corresponding quantum optical implementation is solely based upon Gaussian resource states and Gaussian operations, hence allowing for a highly efficient creation, manipulation, and detection of anyons. This approach extends our understanding of the control and application of anyons and it leads to the possibility for experimental proof-of-principle demonstrations of anyonic statistics using continuous-variable systems.