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Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

Field-Induced Phase Transitions and Long-Range Orders in theS=1/2 Spin Bond-Alternating Chain with Frustrating Interaction

Nobuya Maeshima, Kouichi Okunishi, Kiyomi Okamoto, Tôru Sakai, Kenji Yonemitsu

Published Jan 1, 2005• 9 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study field-induced phase transitions and long-range orders in the S =1/2 spin bond-alternating chain with frustrating interaction. By using the inter-chain mean field theory combined with the finite temperature density matrix renormalization group, we investigate properties of field-induced long-range orders and phase transitions. We find that the inter-chain interaction strongly affects the realized phases of this system.

DOI
10.1143/jpsjs.74s.63

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We study field-induced phase transitions and long-range orders in the S =1/2 spin bond-alternating chain with frustrating interaction. By using the inter-chain mean field theory combined with the finite temperature density matrix renormalization group, we investigate properties of field-induced long-range orders and phase transitions. We find that the inter-chain interaction strongly affects the realized phases of this system.
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We study the frustration-induced enhancement of the incommensurate correlation for a bond-alternating quantum spin chain in a magnetic field, which is associated with a quasi-one-dimensional organic compound F5PNN. We investigate the temperature dependence of the staggered susceptibilities by using the density matrix renormalization group, and then find that the incommensurate correlation becomes dominant in a certain range of the magnetic field. We also discuss the mechanism of this enhancement on the basis of the mapping to the effective S=1/2 XXZ chain and a possibility of the field-induced incommensurate long-range order.
We investigate the critical properties of the S=1∕2S=1∕2S=1∕2 bond-alternating spin chain with a next-nearest-neighbor interaction in magnetic fields. By the numerical calculation and the exact solution based on the effective Hamiltonian, we show that there is a parameter region where the longitudinal incommensurate spin correlation becomes dominant around the half-magnetization of the saturation. Possible interpretations of our results are discussed. We next investigate the effects of the interchain interaction $({J}^{\ensuremath{'}})$. The staggered susceptibility and the uniform magnetization are calculated by combining the density-matrix renormalization group method with the interchain mean-field theory. For the parameters where the dominant longitudinal incommensurate spin correlation appears in the case ${J}^{\ensuremath{'}}=0$, the staggered long-range order does not emerge up to a certain critical value of ${J}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ around the half-magnetization of the saturation. We calculate the static structure factor in such a parameter region. The size dependence of the static structure factor at k=2kFk=2{k}_{F}k=2kF​ implies that the system has a tendency to form an incommensurate long-range order around the half-magnetization of the saturation. We discuss the recent experimental results for the NMR relaxation rate in magnetic fields performed for pentafluorophenyl nitronyl nitroxide.
The magnetization process of the distorted diamond chain is theoretically investigated using the numerical exact diagonalization and the density matrix renormalization group calculation. It is found that for some specified parameters the ground-state critical behavior is dominated by the incommensurate spin correlation parallel to the external magnetic field, around the 2/3 magnetization plateau. In the presence of interchain interaction it should be an incommensurate long-range order which possibly leads to a supersolid if coexisting with the usual transverse antiferromagnetic long-range order.
Antiferromagnetic Hamiltonians with short range, non-frustrating interactions are well known to exhibit long range magnetic order in dimensions d ≥2 but exhibit only quasi-long-range order, with power-law decay of correlations, in d = 1 (for half-integer spin). On the other hand, non-frustrating long range interactions can induce long range order in d = 1. We study Hamiltonians in which the long range interactions have an adjustable amplitude λ, as well as an adjustable power law 1/| x | α , using a combination of quantum Monte Carlo and analytic methods: spin-wave, large N non-linear σ model, and renormalization group methods. We map out the phase diagram in the λ–α plane and study the nature of the critical line separating the phases with long range and quasi-long-range order. We find that this corresponds to a novel line of critical points with continuously varying critical exponents and a dynamical exponent, z <1.
The static structure factor S(q) of frustrated spin-1/2 chains with isotropic exchange and a singlet ground state (GS) diverges at wave vector q_m when the GS has quasi-long-range order (QLRO) with periodicity 2π/q_m but S(q_m) is finite in bond-order-wave (BOW) phases with finite-range spin correlations. Exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations of S(q) indicate a decoupled phase with QLRO and q_m = π/2 in chains with large antiferromagnetic exchange between second neighbors. S(q_m) identifies quantum phase transitions based on GS spin correlations.