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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

Model and Simulation of Entanglement Signaling Repeater Network Based on Entanglement Swapping

连涛 LIAN Tao, 聂敏 Nie Min

Published Jan 1, 2012• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Aiming at the quantum signalling repeater network model for multi-user,environment quantum noises effect on remote transmission of signalling was studied.A kind of quantum signaling repeater strategy was purposed after the theory of quantum swapping being analyzed.Then a bus network model was put forward and the success rate of long distance quantum signaling transmission was simulated.The results show that long distance signaling transmission has a close relationship with the noise power spectral density,transmission distance and repeater times.When noise power spectral density is constant and there is no repeater during the transmission process,the success rate declines like plesio-flat-parabola with increasing of the transmission distance.On the condition of constant noise power spectral density and constant transmission distance,the success rate increases obviously while the repeater times is increasing.Therefore,on the behalf of reliable quantum signaling transmission the transmission distance and repeater times should be designed properly under the circumstance of constant background noise.

DOI
10.3788/gzxb20124110.1251

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Aiming at the quantum signalling repeater network model for multi-user,environment quantum noises effect on remote transmission of signalling was studied.A kind of quantum signaling repeater strategy was purposed after the theory of quantum swapping being analyzed.Then a bus network model was put forward and the success rate of long distance quantum signaling transmission was simulated.The results show that long distance signaling transmission has a close relationship with the noise power spectral density,transmission distance and repeater times.When noise power spectral density is constant and there is no repeater during the transmission process,the success rate declines like plesio-flat-parabola with increasing of the transmission distance.On the condition of constant noise power spectral density and constant transmission distance,the success rate increases obviously while the repeater times is increasing.Therefore,on the behalf of reliable quantum signaling transmission the transmission distance and repeater times should be designed properly under the circumstance of constant background noise.
To research the problem of transmission fidelity of multiuser quantum signaling under noisy background,the definition and transmission method of signaling fidelity were presented.The relationship between entanglement degree and signaling successful transmission ratio was analyzed.The computing model of quantum entanglement signaling was put forward,and the simulation for signaling transmission fidelity was achieved finally.The results show that the interference of environment noise to quantum signaling channel entanglement degree restricts the distance and efficiency of the signaling transmission.And the signaling fidelity is convergence gradually with the increase of the sample's number.To insure entanglement signaling transmission precision,the sample's number should be adjusted properly according to the communication distance.
In order to solve the damage problem during remote transmission of quantum signaling, a repeater model of signaling quantum is proposed. In this model, firstly purifying and distributing entanglement of the received signaling quantum state is carried out, to establish entangled channels between the signed sending and receiving. Secondly, through quantum entanglement swapping the quantum signaling is transmitted, for completing the quantum signaling relay. Simulation results show that the success rate of signaling relay can reach more than 97% under the condition that the fidelity is 0.98 and the entangled pairs successful establishing rate is 0.98; the throughput of quantum signaling relay is up to 183kbps when the probability of entanglement swapping, purification, and entangled pairs successful establishing is 0.98.
Quantum entanglement swapping can be used to establish reliable quantum remote transmission channel so as to realize transmission of quantum states. However, the highly stable quantum network is required in the quantum channels when using quantum entanglement swapping, otherwise it will waste a lot of entanglement resources. In order to save entanglement resources, we have to put forward a kind of quantum communication network transmission protocol based on packet switching, according to the theory of quantum teleportation. Firstly, the principle of packet switching in computer network is introduced. Next we describe the implementation process of quantum network transmission protocols which are based on entanglement swapping and packet switching. We then analyze the reliability, security and utilization rate of entanglement of the protocol we have proposed. And after that the quantitative relationship about the number of entanglement quantum states, the number of routers and link error rates are calculated. Finally, we compare these two transmission protocols. Simulation results show that the number of entanglement for these two protocols is equal without consideration of the link errors. When taking them into account, the packet switching transmission protocol can save numbers of entanglement resources obviously. In addition, with the increase of number of routers and the rise in link error rates, the quantum communication network transmission protocol based on packet switching will need less entanglement resources than that based on entanglement swapping. Therefore, when the quantum transmission network is not stable, the packet switching transmission protocol has a better transmission performance, and it can be applied to the future construction of quantum network.
In order to solve the switching problem of quantum entanglement signalling, a signalling switching strategy was proposed first. And then the signalling switching process under the circumstance that quantum terminal was connected in the same switches and different switches was analysed respectively. We simulated the throughput rate of quantum signalling switches at last. The results show that throughput rate has a close relationship with swapping measurement success rate. The quantum signalling switches throughput rates (QTR) raise exponent-liked with the raising of measurement success rate. The QTR raises as the measurement time reduce on the condition of constant measurement success rate. The measurement time therefore should be less than lus to make sure that QTR of quantum signalling is more 30Mbps.
First-generation quantum repeaters are essential in distributing entanglement over long distances since they could mitigate losses in optical fiber. Repeaters split the total distance into shorter, easier to generate links. Then, entanglement swapping establishes long range entanglement by performing local measurements at the repeaters and heralding their results. In this work, we develop an analytical model that estimates the impact of decoherence during heralding for a given protocol. Furthermore, we identify a competition between two phenomena: as repeater count increases, so does entanglement generation, but the additive impact of memory decoherence on final entanglement rate increases too. Therefore, we find that an optimal number of repeaters exists. These findings could lead the design of future quantum networks, both in the inter-repeater distance and swapping timings.
Aim To design multiuser quantum signaling network for the purpose of interworking with traditional communication network.Methods A multiuser quantum signaling network with multi-stages hierarchy level network topology is proposed and a quantum signaling system is introduced.Multi-classes quantum signaling transmission is based on quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping.Results SBER(Signaling Bit Error Rate) decreases with higher quantum channel coefficient or lower base angle offset,the transmission damage is mainly due to the quantum noise in the condition of base angle offset is below 6 degree,the relay mechanism can achieve higher reliability by decreasing SBER(Signaling Bit Error Rate).Conclusion The network has plain structure,high expandability,robust reliability.The mechanism of return route and relay can reduce the interference of quantum channel.