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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Coherent interactions between matter and radiation in neutral hydrogen clouds in the interstellar medium

Fereshteh Rajabi, Martin Houde

Published Jun 9, 2015• 0 citations
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Coherent interactions between matter and radiation in neutral hydrogen clouds in the interstellar medium FERESHTEH RAJABI, MAR-

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interactions between matter and radiation in neutral hydrogen (HI) clouds in the interstellar medium (ISM), with the goal of determining their impact on the measurement of the abundance of the atomic hydrogen. Currently, astrophysicists assume that the interaction between matter and radiation is fully non-coherent in the ISM, and calculate hydrogen abundance based on this assumption. We reexamine this assumption by adapting Dicke’s coherence formalism to different sets of initial conditions in HI clouds in the ISM and by determining the intensity in different ensembles of atoms. We compare this intensity with the one calculated with the non-coherent radiation model, and discuss the importance of potential corrections in abundance measurements. In this study, we have derived the Maxwell-Bloch (MB) equations for an ensemble of N hydrogen atoms interacting with the 21 cm line. The MB equations are solved analytically in the linear regime including homogeneous dephasing mechanisms existing in the ISM. In the non-linear regime, the MB equations are solved numerically for 1) the ideal case where all dephasing mechanisms are neglected, 2) for the case of equal dephasing times. The results suggest possibility of coherent interactions.

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interactions between matter and radiation in neutral hydrogen (HI) clouds in the interstellar medium (ISM), with the goal of determining their impact on the measurement of the abundance of the atomic hydrogen. Currently, astrophysicists assume that the interaction between matter and radiation is fully non-coherent in the ISM, and calculate hydrogen abundance based on this assumption. We reexamine this assumption by adapting Dicke’s coherence formalism to different sets of initial conditions in HI clouds in the ISM and by determining the intensity in different ensembles of atoms. We compare this intensity with the one calculated with the non-coherent radiation model, and discuss the importance of potential corrections in abundance measurements. In this study, we have derived the Maxwell-Bloch (MB) equations for an ensemble of N hydrogen atoms interacting with the 21 cm line. The MB equations are solved analytically in the linear regime including homogeneous dephasing mechanisms existing in the ISM. In the non-linear regime, the MB equations are solved numerically for 1) the ideal case where all dephasing mechanisms are neglected, 2) for the case of equal dephasing times. The results suggest possibility of coherent interactions.
We identify potential sources of decoherence for U(1)U(1)U(1) gauge bosons from a cosmological standpoint. Besides interactions with different species in the cosmological medium, we also consider effects due to the expansion of the Universe, which can produce particles (especially scalars) that can potentially interact with the photon in a quantum state. We look in particular at the case of axionlike particles and their predicted decay channels in our analysis. These interactions are shown to have a negligible effect as far as decoherence goes. Interaction rates with cosmic microwave background radiation or through Thomson scattering are small, so that the interstellar medium remains the biggest decoherence factor. Thus, quantum teleportation experiments with photon energies in the range 1--10 keV should be feasible at cosmological distances up to the galaxy formation epoch or beyond ($z\ensuremath{\sim}100$).