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Physica E Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures

Reprint of : Dynamics of coupled vibration modes in a quantum non-linear mechanical resonator

G. Labadze, M. Dukalski, Yaroslav M. Blanter

Published Mar 14, 2016• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/j.physe.2016.02.021

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Experiments have shown that, by tuning a microcavity to resonance with a vibrational mode of the molecules contained within it, one can modify chemical properties, such as reaction rates. This gives rise to the exciting prospect of steering chemical reactivity, just by placing a pair of carefully spaced mirrors around the reaction mixture. However, a decade after the first demonstration, the mechanism behind this effect remains ill-understood. Here, we show how vibrational strong coupling can lead to resonant modification of vibrationally-resolved London dispersion interactions. Employing a mixed quantum-classical dynamics scheme, we then show how this in turn can give rise to resonant rate enhancement in the case of two molecules strongly coupled to the cavity mode, for all regimes of solvent friction. The resonant changes of the London dispersion interaction seem to persist when increasing the number of molecules. Whether this also leads to altered reaction rates in the experimentally relevant collective limit remains an open question, as this regime falls outside the range of applicability of our mixed quantum-classical dynamics approach. Nevertheless, the framework presented here offers an exciting new avenue to explore, and hopefully bring us a step closer towards explaining the mechanism behind vibropolaritonic chemistry.
A mechanical resonator integrated with piezoelectric transducers enables mechanical nonlinearities to be dynamically engineered to emulate non-degenerate parametric down-conversion.In this configuration, millions of phonons are simultaneously generated in pairs in two macroscopic vibration modes, which results in the amplification of their motion by more than 20 dB.Mechanical two-mode squeezed states are also created in parallel, which exhibit fluctuations 5 dB below the thermal level of their constituent modes and they harbor correlations between the modes that become perfect as their amplification is increased.This remarkable observation of correlations between two massive phonon ensembles establishes the means to create an entangled macroscopic mechanical system at the single phonon level.
Due to their exceptional isolation from the environment, magnetically levitated particles are explored as extremely sensitive mechanical sensors. For future gravity experiments on quantum superpositions, such systems need to be cooled close to their ground state. To demonstrate the combination of state of the art vibration isolation, milligram levitated high Q mechanical resonators and position detection with low noise, we present linear feedback cooling of a magnetically levitated gravity sensor to below 2 picometer amplitude and below 10 millikelvin mode temperature for two translational modes (the x- and y-mode) simultaneously. The sensor is a levitating permanent magnet in a type I superconducting trap, where its six resonance frequencies are measured with a superconducting coil coupled to a DC SQUID. This signal is measured with a lock-in amplifier and a feedback signal is sent to a piezoelectric actuator, allowing the cooling of resonant modes at 50.6 and 68.0 Hz simultaneously. These two translational modes have Q factors of 3.8⋅1063.8 \cdot 10^63.8⋅106 and 5.5⋅1065.5 \cdot 10^65.5⋅106 respectively. The experiment is mounted inside a dry dilution refrigerator where it is vibrationally attenuated with 110-130 dB at these frequencies. In this work, we discuss future improvements on the setup which may enable quantum ground state cooling on a magnetically levitated particle, that has previously been shown to be a gravitational sensor.