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中国物理B：英文版

Vacuum induced transparency and slow light phenomena in a two-level atomic ensemble controlled by a cavity

郭玉杰, 聂文杰

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We study the optical properties of a two-level atomic ensemble controlled by a high-finesse cavity. Even though the cavity is initially in the vacuum state in the absence of external driving, the probe response of the atomic ensemble can be dramatically modified. When the collectively enhanced atom–cavity coupling is strong enough and the cavity decay rate is much smaller than the atomic damping rate, an electromagnetically induced transparency-like coherent phenomenon emerges with a dip absorption for the response of the two-level atoms in the cavity without driving, and thus is called vacuum induced transparency. We also show the slow light with very low group velocity in such an atomic ensemble.

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We study the optical properties of a two-level atomic ensemble controlled by a high-finesse cavity. Even though the cavity is initially in the vacuum state in the absence of external driving, the probe response of the atomic ensemble can be dramatically modified. When the collectively enhanced atom–cavity coupling is strong enough and the cavity decay rate is much smaller than the atomic damping rate, an electromagnetically induced transparency-like coherent phenomenon emerges with a dip absorption for the response of the two-level atoms in the cavity without driving, and thus is called vacuum induced transparency. We also show the slow light with very low group velocity in such an atomic ensemble.
We study the optical properties of a two-level atomic ensemble controlled by a high-finesse cavity. Even though the cavity is initially in the vacuum state in the absence of external driving, the probe response of the atomic ensemble can be dramatically modified. When the collectively enhanced atom–cavity coupling is strong enough and the cavity decay rate is much smaller than the atomic damping rate, an electromagnetically induced transparency-like coherent phenomenon emerges with a dip absorption for the response of the two-level atoms in the cavity without driving, and thus is called vacuum induced transparency. We also show the slow light with very low group velocity in such an atomic ensemble.
We studied the electromagnetically induced transparency, where the three-level atom of Λ-type is put in two statistically independent squeezed vacuums. We start from the master equation containing the decay of the atom to the squeezed vacuums, and solve the non-diagonal density matrix element analytically, finding that it is strongly dependent on the squeezing degree and the phase of the squeezed vacuum. There is also a dependence on the intensity and phase of the probe beam, which would not appear in the normal vacuum case. By coupling with squeezed vacuums, the atom would not only experience electromagnetically induced transparency and slow group velocity, but also induce a fast group velocity,backward group velocity and a gain in the probe light field. Besides, the absorption and gain can be modulated by the intensity of probe light.
For the cavity-based electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT), as the coherent driving field is enhanced by the optical cavity, the weak probe field can propagate through the atomic ensemble without absorption even if the driving field is weak. The extreme case of vacuum in the cavity is called "vacuum-induced transparency" (VIT) to distinguish it from the cavity EIT. Here we construct a new kind of cavity made of Metamaterials, i.e. ε-negative (EN) and μ-negative (MN) slabs, and study the VIT phenomena of the atomic ensemble doped within it. When the impedances of the MN and EN slabs are matched to each other and the dissipation of the material is small, it behaves as a surface plasmon cavity with a huge Q factor. And the VIT phenomenon in this cavity appears. By adjusting the position of atoms, the coupling strength between the atom and the structure could be changed. Two kinds of extremes of VIT, the coherent population trapping (CPT) and the Autler-Townes splitting (ATS), can be achieved in this system easily. Our proposal could be used in the realization of ultra-strong coupling and integrated devices on quantum memory or optical switch.
We study the spectra of collective low excitations of two atomic ensembles which couple with a single-mode cavity field. When the left ensemble is driven with an external optical field, its corresponding response spectrum to the incident optical light shows an electromagnetically-induced-transparency--like (EIT-like) phenomenon when the layers are arranged in the sequence of node antinode but not in the sequence of antinode node. In the case of antinode-antinode sequence, the response spectrum shows an EIT-like phenomenon with two transparent windows. We also investigate the fluctuation spectra of the atomic collective excitation modes and show similar EIT-like phenomena.
Abstract We investigate the phenomenon of optomechanically induced transparency assisted by a hybrid two-cavity optomechanical system. The system consists of two optical cavities and four mechanical resonators, and each optical cavity is filled with two-level atomic ensembles. Our study demonstrates that the characteristics of optomechanically induced transparency vary with different coupling parameters. Specifically, the number of transparent windows increases with the introduction of atomic ensembles and Coulomb interaction. Furthermore, the positions of the transparent points can be manipulated by the coupling parameters. It is found that increasing the Coulomb coupling between mechanical oscillators shifts the transparent points further apart. Furthermore, we also explore the slow/fast light effect by analyzing the phase and group delay of the probe field. Our approach enables the control of multiple optomechanically induced transparency and provides potential applications in quantum information processing.
When a coherently prepared atomic medium is confined in an optical cavity, the atomic coherence and interference manifested by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be manipulated and enhanced by the collective atom–cavity coupling and the cavity feedback. We present an experimental study of the light transmission through an optical cavity coupled with coherently prepared cold Rb atoms. In the frequency domain, the cavity transmission spectrum exhibits spectral peaks representing the cavity normal modes associated with the multi-atom vacuum Rabi splitting and the intra-cavity dark state manifested by the combined EIT effects of the absorption suppression and the steep normal dispersion. In the time domain, a light pulse coupled into the cavity mode propagates with a slow group velocity and the propagation time delay is significantly increased by the cavity feedback.