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Springer eBooks

Quantum Intensity Noise of Laser Diodes

Philippe Grangier, J.-Ph. Poizat, T.-C. Zhang, Francesco Marin, Alberto Bramati, E. Giacobino

Published Jan 1, 1996• 0 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-94-009-0313-5_44

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In order to clarify the mechanism of increased laser relative intensity noise (RIN) in the diode laser pumped gas-cell atomic clock, we have performed experiments examining the influence of laser linewidth, /spl Delta/v/sub L/, on RIN. Our measurements are consistent with the phase noise (PM) to intensity noise (AM) conversion theory: laser phase fluctuations induce fluctuations in the absorption cross section of the atomic vapor and these yield fluctuations in the transmitted intensity of the laser. In the experiments, transmitted RIN of a beam from a 100 kHz linewidth diode laser was compared with that from a 60 MHz linewidth diode laser after each was passed through a cell containing natural rubidium vapor. We present some results of computational theory showing that for laser linewidths less than the atomic dephasing rate of the atomic vapor, RIN is proportional to /spl radic/(/spl Delta/v/sub L/); however, for laser linewidths greater than the atomic dephasing rate RIN is a decreasing function of /spl Delta/v/sub L/.

Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)•Nov 27, 2002•4 citations
Intensity fluctuation and phase noise are key factors limiting the applications of the diode lasers is many fields. The intensity noise of a free-running diode laser was investigated experimentally. Tens of longitudinal modes from the diode laser were successfully separated and identified by a self-made monochromator with 0.01 nm resolution. The noise of either the individual mode or the jointed modes of main mode and the sideband modes was detected using a low-noise radio frequency photodetector. The properties of the intensity noise between either the main mode and the side modes, or the side modes themselves were investigated systematically. The anticorrelation between main mode and side modes was confirmed, and the periodical anticorrelations between small longitudinal modes were found. These results can help us to understand the mechanism of the intensity noise of the diode lasers as well as the noise suppression for intensity-squeezed light generation.
A new time-domain model using the quantum formalism of the positive-P distribution is used to investigate squeezing in laser diodes, taking into account longitudinal hole burning and distributed noise sources, under steady-state and large-signal modulation. Simulations indicate that the laser structure determines the lowest achievable intensity noise. With losses present or power escaping from the rear facet, this minimum noise may be much higher than expected from the device quantum efficiency. Squeezing appears more difficult in DFB lasers than in Fabry-Perot lasers in our simulations. Mode-partition noise is removed by low-loss passive DBR sections, and such laser diodes are promising sources with low-intensity noise. Intensity noise in the large-signal dynamic regime is also simulated, showing that intensity-squeezed light output is possible.>
In order to clarify the mechanism of increased laser relative intensity noise (RIN) in the diode laser pumped gas-cell atomic clock, we have performed experiments examining the influence of laser linewidth, /spl Delta/v/sub L/, on RIN. Our measurements are consistent with the phase noise (PM) to intensity noise (AM) conversion theory: laser phase fluctuations induce fluctuations in the absorption cross section of the atomic vapor and these yield fluctuations in the transmitted intensity of the laser. In the experiments, transmitted RIN of a beam from a 100 kHz linewidth diode laser was compared with that from a 60 MHz linewidth diode laser after each was passed through a cell containing natural rubidium vapor. We present some results of computational theory showing that for laser linewidths less than the atomic dephasing rate of the atomic vapor, RIN is proportional to /spl radic/(/spl Delta/v/sub L/); however, for laser linewidths greater than the atomic dephasing rate RIN is a decreasing function of /spl Delta/v/sub L/.