Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

The Review of Laser Engineering

Cavity QED with Whispering-Gallery Mode Microresonators

Takao Aoki

Published Jan 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We review recent progress in the application of whispering-gallery mode microresonators, such as microspheres, microdisks, and microtoroids, in cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Particular emphasis is made on the studies on the interaction of laser-cooled single atoms with evanescent fi eld of monolithic microtoroidal resonators effi ciently coupled to tapered optical fi bers.

DOI
10.2184/lsj.41.7_497

Related papers

Trapping photons in microspheres for cavity QED experiments

S. Haroche

Summary form only given, as follows: The high Q whispering gallery modes of silica microspheres are promising for quantum optics and nonlinear optics experiments involving atoms and photons stored in very small volumes. We have developed the technology of these resonators, learning how to couple light in and out through optical fibers, how to obtain and measure record Q factors, and how to probe, by near-field optical microscopy, the electric field distribution immediately outside the sphere. Whispering gallery mode lasers have also been obtained with microspheres made of silica doped with neodymium ions. We describe these experiments and discuss projects involving the coupling of whispering gallery modes to single atoms or ions to perform cavity QED experiments in the optical domain.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jun 7, 1996•0 citations

Cavity QED with chip-based toroidal microresonators

Barak Dayan, T. Aoki, E. Wilcut +8 more

We report the demonstration of strong coupling between single Cesium atoms and a high-Q chip-based microresonator. Our toroidal microresonators are compact, Si chip-based whispering gallery mode resonators that confine light to small volumes with extremely low losses, and are manufactured in large numbers by standard lithographic techniques. Combined with the capability to couple efficiently light to and from these microresonators by a tapered optical fiber, toroidal microresonators offer a promising avenue towards scalable quantum networks. Experimentally, laser cooled Cs atoms are dropped onto a toroidal microresonator while a probe beam is critically coupled to the cavity mode. When an atom interacts with the cavity, it modifies the resonance spectrum of the cavity, leading to rejection of some of the probe light from the cavity, and thus to an increase in the output power. By observing such transit events while systematically detuning the cavity from the atomic resonance, we determine the maximal accessible single-photon Rabi frequency of Ω0/2π ≈ (100 ± 24) MHz. This value puts our system in the regime of strong coupling, being significantly larger than the dissipation rates in our system.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Sep 11, 2007•1 citation

Frequency tuning of the whispering-gallery modes of silica microspheres for cavity quantum electrodynamics and spectroscopy

Wolf von Klitzing, Romain Long, Vladimir S. Ilchenko +2 more

We have tuned the whispering-gallery modes of a fused-silica microresonator over nearly 1 nm at 800 nm, i.e., over half a free spectral range, or 10(6) linewidths of the resonator. This result has been achieved by use of a new method based on the stretching of a two-stem microsphere. We describe devices that will permit new cavity QED experiments with this high- Q optical resonator when it is desirable to optimize its coupling to emitters with given transition frequencies. The demonstrated tuning capability is compatible with both UHV and low-temperature operation, which should be useful for future experiments with laser-cooled atoms or single quantum dots.

arXiv:quant-ph/0008010•Optics Letters•Feb 1, 2001•108 citations

Cavity QED with high- Q whispering gallery modes

David W. Vernooy, Akira Furusawa, N. Ph. Georgiades +2 more

We report measurements of cavity-QED effects for the radiative coupling of atoms in a dilute vapor to the external evanescent field of a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) in a fused silica microsphere. The high $Q$ $(5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7})$, small mode volume (10${}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ cm${}^{3})$, and unusual symmetry of the microcavity evanescent field enable velocity-selective interactions between fields with photon number of order unity in the WGM and ${N}_{T}\ensuremath{\sim}1$ atoms in the surrounding vapor.

Physical Review A•Apr 1, 1998•285 citations

Tunable whispering-gallery-mode resonators for cavity quantum electrodynamics

Yann Louyer, Dieter Meschede, Arno Rauschenbeutel

We theoretically study the properties of highly prolate-shaped dielectric microresonators. Such resonators sustain whispering-gallery modes that exhibit two spatially well-separated regions with enhanced field strength. The field per photon on the resonator surface is significantly higher than, e.g., for equatorial whispering-gallery modes in microsphere resonators with a comparable mode volume. At the same time, the frequency spacing of these modes is much more favorable, so that a tuning range of several free spectral ranges should be attainable. We discuss the possible application of such resonators for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments with neutral atoms and reveal distinct advantages with respect to existing concepts.

arXiv:quant-ph/0501002•Physical Review A•Sep 15, 2005•178 citations

Coupling single atoms or molecules with a microsphere: a progress report

V. Lefèvre-Seguin

Silica microspheres have been demonstrated to provide a permanent resonator which combines small mode volumes with the highest observed quality factors (Q>2.10/sup 9/) corresponding to photon storage times of the order of one microsecond. These properties have allowed us to make a very low-threshold laser with Nd-doped silica microspheres (200 nW absorbed pump power, i.e. 10/sup 6/ excited ions/mode). These microlasers are now operated at 2 K to benefit from a smaller homogeneous linewidth. We then expect to reach the "thresholdless" regime with only a few excited ions. These experiments can also be considered as a first step toward Cavity QED experiments in the strong coupling regime with single atoms or molecules coupled to a whispering gallery mode.

IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (LEOS)•Nov 23, 2002•1 citation
We review recent progress in the application of whispering-gallery mode microresonators, such as microspheres, microdisks, and microtoroids, in cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Particular emphasis is made on the studies on the interaction of laser-cooled single atoms with evanescent fi eld of monolithic microtoroidal resonators effi ciently coupled to tapered optical fi bers.
Summary form only given, as follows: The high Q whispering gallery modes of silica microspheres are promising for quantum optics and nonlinear optics experiments involving atoms and photons stored in very small volumes. We have developed the technology of these resonators, learning how to couple light in and out through optical fibers, how to obtain and measure record Q factors, and how to probe, by near-field optical microscopy, the electric field distribution immediately outside the sphere. Whispering gallery mode lasers have also been obtained with microspheres made of silica doped with neodymium ions. We describe these experiments and discuss projects involving the coupling of whispering gallery modes to single atoms or ions to perform cavity QED experiments in the optical domain.
We report the demonstration of strong coupling between single Cesium atoms and a high-Q chip-based microresonator. Our toroidal microresonators are compact, Si chip-based whispering gallery mode resonators that confine light to small volumes with extremely low losses, and are manufactured in large numbers by standard lithographic techniques. Combined with the capability to couple efficiently light to and from these microresonators by a tapered optical fiber, toroidal microresonators offer a promising avenue towards scalable quantum networks. Experimentally, laser cooled Cs atoms are dropped onto a toroidal microresonator while a probe beam is critically coupled to the cavity mode. When an atom interacts with the cavity, it modifies the resonance spectrum of the cavity, leading to rejection of some of the probe light from the cavity, and thus to an increase in the output power. By observing such transit events while systematically detuning the cavity from the atomic resonance, we determine the maximal accessible single-photon Rabi frequency of Ω0/2π ≈ (100 ± 24) MHz. This value puts our system in the regime of strong coupling, being significantly larger than the dissipation rates in our system.
We have tuned the whispering-gallery modes of a fused-silica microresonator over nearly 1 nm at 800 nm, i.e., over half a free spectral range, or 10(6) linewidths of the resonator. This result has been achieved by use of a new method based on the stretching of a two-stem microsphere. We describe devices that will permit new cavity QED experiments with this high- Q optical resonator when it is desirable to optimize its coupling to emitters with given transition frequencies. The demonstrated tuning capability is compatible with both UHV and low-temperature operation, which should be useful for future experiments with laser-cooled atoms or single quantum dots.
We report measurements of cavity-QED effects for the radiative coupling of atoms in a dilute vapor to the external evanescent field of a whispering-gallery mode (WGM) in a fused silica microsphere. The high QQQ $(5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7})$, small mode volume (10${}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$ cm3){}^{3})3), and unusual symmetry of the microcavity evanescent field enable velocity-selective interactions between fields with photon number of order unity in the WGM and ${N}_{T}\ensuremath{\sim}1$ atoms in the surrounding vapor.
We theoretically study the properties of highly prolate-shaped dielectric microresonators. Such resonators sustain whispering-gallery modes that exhibit two spatially well-separated regions with enhanced field strength. The field per photon on the resonator surface is significantly higher than, e.g., for equatorial whispering-gallery modes in microsphere resonators with a comparable mode volume. At the same time, the frequency spacing of these modes is much more favorable, so that a tuning range of several free spectral ranges should be attainable. We discuss the possible application of such resonators for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments with neutral atoms and reveal distinct advantages with respect to existing concepts.
Silica microspheres have been demonstrated to provide a permanent resonator which combines small mode volumes with the highest observed quality factors (Q>2.10/sup 9/) corresponding to photon storage times of the order of one microsecond. These properties have allowed us to make a very low-threshold laser with Nd-doped silica microspheres (200 nW absorbed pump power, i.e. 10/sup 6/ excited ions/mode). These microlasers are now operated at 2 K to benefit from a smaller homogeneous linewidth. We then expect to reach the "thresholdless" regime with only a few excited ions. These experiments can also be considered as a first step toward Cavity QED experiments in the strong coupling regime with single atoms or molecules coupled to a whispering gallery mode.