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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Fast Resonator Depopulation with a Simple Measurement Pulse Shape

Douglas McClure, Hanhee Paik, Lev S. Bishop, Jay Gambetta, Matthias Steffen, Jerry M. Chow

Published Mar 5, 2015• 0 citations
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We demonstrate a dispersive measurement pulse shaping technique that allows for arbitrarily fast quantum non-demolition, single-quadrature measurements of non-linear systems and unconditionally leaves the measurement resonator empty. For single-qubit measurements, current measurements are limited to the 99% fidelity range due to relaxation during the process. However, trying to go to shorter times to circumvent this with square or composite digital pulses leads to leftover cavity population after measurement of the same order of error. These effects can be suppressed using simple smooth pulse shapes from a similar family of pulses as DRAG shaping, used in the context of leakage removal in superconducting qubits; here, it can be derived exactly for arbitrarily many measured modes. Beyond single qubits, the measurement pulses are fully general to dispersive measurement systems. This includes multi-qubit and multi-state (leakage) measurements where the measurement can be done in a single shot and with a single homodyne phase. Another major challenge for fast measurement is depopulating Purcell filter cavities, which we show can readily be achieved using derivative shaping. Finally, we show how to apply the technique to cascaded cavity systems, e.g~for fast remote entanglement generation.
The author has studied the effect of an adiabatically and near-adiabatically increasing field intensity on the resonance fluorescence spectrum of the two-level atom. There is an asymmetry in the spectrum for off-resonance excitation and that this is due to the fact that the field turn-on repopulates the dressed state which has been depopulated by spontaneous emission. Also found are the conditions under which the temporal shape of the field turn-on may be found in a simple way. Corrections to this shape due to atomic recoil are discussed, and found to be small under typical experimental conditions.
Quantum error correction protocols require rapid and repeated qubit measurements. While multiplexed readout in superconducting quantum systems improves efficiency, fast probe pulses introduce spectral broadening, leading to signal leakage into neighboring readout resonators. This crosstalk results in qubit dephasing and degraded readout fidelity. Here, we introduce a pulse-shaping technique inspired by the derivative removal by adiabatic gate protocol to suppress measurement crosstalk during fast readout. By engineering a spectral notch at neighboring resonator frequencies, the method effectively mitigates spurious signal interference. Our approach integrates seamlessly with existing readout architectures, enabling fast, low-crosstalk multiplexed measurements without additional hardware overhead—a critical advancement for scalable quantum computing.