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Journal of the Korean Physical Society

Formation of vortices in a three-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Yuan Sheng Wang, Shen Tong Ji, Yue E. Luo, Zhen Yu Li

Published Nov 1, 2015• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the vortex formation properties of a three-dimensional (3D) dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of 52 Cr atoms in an optical lattice potential through numerical simulations of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a dissipation term. The mechanisms that influence the dipole-dipole interaction and the repulsive contact interaction between atoms during vortex formation are analyzed. We find that the stability of the vortices weakens with increasing attractive dipolar strength and that the repulsive contact interaction between atoms can increase the number of vortices.

DOI
10.3938/jkps.67.1504

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We examine the vortex formation and vortex lattices in a rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with two- and three-body interactions. For this aim, we numerically solve the quasi two-dimensional, cubic-quintic Gross-Pitaevskii equation with nonlocal dipole-dipole nonlinearity. We find the critical rotation frequency for vortex formation in a pure dipolar BEC and also in a dipolar BEC with presence of both two- and three-body interactions. We also show the vortex lattices in a dipolar BEC with two- and three-body interactions for large rotation frequencies.