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STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF OPERATIORS IN THE RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS OF SPIN PARTICLES

M. Baktavatsalou

Published Jul 1, 1963• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

It is shown that operators that are observables can be obtained in relativistic qaantum mechanics; and the operators are determined for electrons, bosons of spin 0 or 1, and particles of arbitrary spin and nonzero mass. The definition and interpretation of the position operators, specifically, are treated. (D.C.W.)

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The problem of the position and spin in relativistic quantum mechanics is analyzed in detail. It is definitively shown that the position and spin operators in the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation (but not in the Dirac one) are quantum-mechanical counterparts of the classical position and spin variables. The probabilistic interpretation is valid only for Foldy-Wouthuysen wave functions. The relativistic spin operators are discussed. The spin-orbit interaction does not exist for a free particle if the conventional operators of the orbital angular momentum and the rest-frame spin are used. Alternative definitions of the orbital angular momentum and the spin are based on noncommutative geometry, do not satisfy standard commutation relations, and can allow the spin-orbit interaction.
A systematic theory of the appropriate spin operators for the relativistic states is developed. This paper discusses it in particle case, i.e., the quantum mechanics problem. For a massive relativistic particle with arbitrary nonzero spin, the spin operator should be replaced with the relativistic one. In the frame of irreducible representation of Poincare group, this spin operator, which is named as moving spin and applied to all the canonical states of the particle, is constructed. Further discussion on the concept of moving spin in the quantum field theory will be followed.
A type of mechanics will be presented that possesses some distinctive properties. On the one hand, its physical description & rules of operation are readily comprehensible & intuitively clear. On the other, it fully satisfies all observable predictions of non-relativistic quantum mechanics. Within it, particles exist at points in space, follow continuous, piecewise differentiable paths, and their linear momentum is equal to their mass times their velocity along their path. Yet the probabilities for position and momentum, conditioned on the state of the particle's environment, follow the rules of quantum theory. Indeed, all observable consequences of quantum theory are satisfied; particles can be entangled, have intrinsic spin, this spin is not local to the particle, particle identity can effect probabilities, and so forth. All the rules of quantum mechanics are obeyed, and all arise in a straightforward fashion. After this is established, connections will be drawn out between this type of mechanics and other types of quantum worlds; those that obey Bohmian mechanics, stochastic mechanics, the many worlds interpretation, and physical collapse. In the final section, a relativistic version of the mechanics will be presented.