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Optical and Quantum Electronics

Quantum key distribution in WDM router applications for secured data transmission

Nadhir Djeffal, Malek Benslama

Published Dec 24, 2015• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11082-015-0349-1

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In the fast-paced world of digital communication, the need for secure and efficient data transmission is growing. For the growing need to integrate Quantum Key Distribution and Light Fidelity technologies to revolutionize information transfer, we propose an innovative framework that combines end-to-end quantum encryption with high-speed optical data transfer via Li-Fi, using polarized photons as bitwise data carriers. There are two components of the proposition, the hardware and the software. The hardware components facilitate the encoding, transmission, and reception of data. Software aspects involve using Arduino IDE for programming secure communication protocols, and encoding algorithms, and ensuring synchronization and the usage of Quantum Toolbox in Python for simulating the BB84 quantum algorithms and error rate analysis. Testing involves unit testing of individual components, integration testing of the complete system, and performance evaluation of Li-Fi communication speed and QKD security. The simulation converts each bit of data into a virtual photon, passing it through polarizers, and receiving it with potential bit alterations. Router R1 and Router R2 handle photon initialization, error checking, secure key establishment, and final message transmission and decryption. The integration of a Li-Fi prototype evaluates data transfer efficiency. Router R1 begins by encoding data into virtual photons and generating a secure encryption key. Router R2 receives these photons, decodes them, and verifies and decrypts the data using the secure key. The iterative process of sending, receiving, confirming, and error-checking between Router R1 and Router R2 is essential for preserving data integrity. Our results demonstrate the effective application of quantum encryption and optical data transmission, providing a scalable, secure, and efficient solution for contemporary digital communication networks.
The advancement of 6G networks demands high-capacity, ultra-low latency, and secure communication infrastructure. Traditional fronthaul solutions face significant challenges in meeting these demands due to increasing data traffic, network densification, and security vulnerabilities. To address these issues, this paper proposes an innovative 6G passive Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) fronthaul architecture integrated with Quantum Key Distribution (QKD). By leveraging quantum cryptographic principles, our approach ensures unbreakable security and protects network transmissions from potential cyber threats and eavesdropping attacks. The proposed architecture effectively combines high-speed optical transmission with quantum-secured key exchange, optimizing network reliability and reducing security risks. Through comprehensive simulations, we evaluate key performance factors, including secure key rate (SKR), quantum bit error rate (QBER), detector efficiency, and quantum transmission loss. Results indicate that our architecture maintains high SKR with minimal QBER, even under challenging transmission conditions, ensuring robust quantum-secured communication. Additionally, the passive nature of WDM significantly reduces power consumption and maintenance costs, improving network sustainability. This research establishes a practical pathway for integrating quantum security into next-generation optical fronthaul networks, enabling highly secure, scalable, and efficient data transmission for future 6G applications, including autonomous vehicles, smart cities, and industrial IoT.