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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Selective Atom-Cavity Interaction Scheme for Quantum Controlled-NOT Gate Using Four-Level Atoms in Cavity QED System

Shi-Qing Tang, Deng-Yu Zhang, Xie Li-Jun, Zhan Xiao-Gui, Gao Feng

Published Feb 1, 2009• 12 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a scheme for realization a quantum Controlled-NOT gate operation using two four-level atoms through a selective atom–cavity interaction in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In our protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of the two atoms. During the interaction between atoms and single-mode vacuum cavity-field, the atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom–cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influences of the dissipation and the deviation of interaction time on fidelity and corresponding success probability of the quantum Controlled-NOT gate and the experimental feasibility of our proposal are also discussed.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/51/2/12

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We propose a scheme for realization of three-qubit controlled-phase gate via passing two three-level atoms through a high-Q optical cavity in a cavity QED system. In the presented protocol, the two stable ground states of the atoms act as the two controlling qubits and the zero- and one-photon Fock states of the cavity-field form the target qubit, and no auxiliary state or any measurement is required. The numerical simulation shows that the gate fidelities remain at a high level under the influence of the atomic spontaneous emission, the decay of the cavity mode and deviation of the coupling strength. The experimental feasibility of our proposal is also discussed.
A two-qubit quantum swap gate scheme based on coherent state qubit is proposed in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Our scheme adopt the interaction between the Λ-type atomic ensemble and the two-mode optical cavity, and the swap gate can be realized directly only one step, so as to save a lot of quantum resources and reduce the number of single qubit rotation operations in the actual quantum information processing. It is found that under the condition of large detuning limit, the excited states of atoms are adiabatically eliminated, and the decoherence caused by the spontaneous emission of atoms is effectively suppressed. All atoms in the optical cavity are universally addressed, which reduces the experimental operation difficulty of the scheme. The fidelity of the quantum logic gate is maintained at a very high level when the photon loss of the cavity field is considered. Compared with the single-atom scheme, it is found that the atom-cavity interaction time required by the atomic ensemble scheme is inversely proportional to the number of atoms, so that the speed of the quantum logic gate can be increased by N times. Therefore, in principle, as long as enough atoms interacting with the optical field, an effective coupling of any atom-cavity field can be generated, which is conducive to selecting the appropriate quantum gate operation time in practical operation and effectively avoiding decoherence.
Any quantum computation can be simplified to a gate sequence. But the quantum computation is carried out by a certain physical system. We propose here a scheme to carry out two-atom quantum controlled phase gate through cavity QED. In our scheme, the atomic transition is largely detuned with the cavity mode of interest, so the atomic spontaneous emission loss is strongly suppressed, and this leads to the enhancement of probability of gate operation. But fidelity is decided by constantsα,β,γ. The numerical calculation based on current experimental technology shows that our scheme has high gate fidelity, the average value of fidelity F = 0.982318. That scheme can be realized by experiment.