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Chinese Physics B

Realization of Toffoli gate operation using four-level atoms in cavity QED system

Shi-Qing Tang, Deng-Yu Zhang, Xie Li-Jun, Zhan Xiao-Gui, Gao Feng

Published Jan 1, 2009• 17 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper proposes a scheme for realization of a three-qubit Toffoli gate operation using three four-level atoms by a selective atom-field interaction in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In the proposed protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of atoms, and atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom-cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influence of the dissipation on fidelity and success probability of the three-qubit Toffoli gate is also discussed. The scheme can also be applied to realize an N -qubit Toffoli gate and the interaction time required does not rise with increasing the number of qubits.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/18/1/010

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This paper proposes a scheme for realization of a three-qubit Toffoli gate operation using three four-level atoms by a selective atom-field interaction in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In the proposed protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of atoms, and atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom-cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influence of the dissipation on fidelity and success probability of the three-qubit Toffoli gate is also discussed. The scheme can also be applied to realize an N -qubit Toffoli gate and the interaction time required does not rise with increasing the number of qubits.
We propose a scheme for realization a quantum Controlled-NOT gate operation using two four-level atoms through a selective atom–cavity interaction in cavity quantum electrodynamics system. In our protocol, the quantum information is encoded on the stable ground states of the two atoms. During the interaction between atoms and single-mode vacuum cavity-field, the atomic spontaneous emission is negligible as the large atom–cavity detuning effectively suppresses the spontaneous decay of the atoms. The influences of the dissipation and the deviation of interaction time on fidelity and corresponding success probability of the quantum Controlled-NOT gate and the experimental feasibility of our proposal are also discussed.
We propose a scheme for realization of three-qubit controlled-phase gate via passing two three-level atoms through a high-Q optical cavity in a cavity QED system. In the presented protocol, the two stable ground states of the atoms act as the two controlling qubits and the zero- and one-photon Fock states of the cavity-field form the target qubit, and no auxiliary state or any measurement is required. The numerical simulation shows that the gate fidelities remain at a high level under the influence of the atomic spontaneous emission, the decay of the cavity mode and deviation of the coupling strength. The experimental feasibility of our proposal is also discussed.
We propose a potentially practical scheme to implement an approximate three-qubit Toffoli gate by a single resonant interaction in dissipative cavity QED in which the cavity mode decay and atomic spontaneous emission are considered. The scheme does not require two-qubit controlled-NOT gates but uses a three-qubit phase gate and two Hadamard gates, where the approximate phase gate can be implemented by only a single dissipative resonant interaction of atoms with the cavity mode. Discussions are made for the advantages and the experimental feasibility of our scheme.
A theory scheme was proposed for implementing a Toffoli gate with three-level structure superconducting quantum-interference devices(SQUID),based on the cavity quantum electrodynamics(CQED).In this proposal,quantum information was encoded into the two lower levels of a SQUID while a higher level serves as the gate manipulation.Applying the coupling of the cavity field with a SQUID,which was driven by a classical microwave pulse to control the evolution of quantum state,the scheme could be extended to achieve N-qubit Toffoli gate.And,the experimental feasibility of Toffoli gate was disscussed,and the total operation time of four-qubit Toffoli gate was computed only 30 nanometers,which was much shorter than the decay time of the cavity mode or the energy relaxation time of the higher level.And the increasing rate of the gate response time became slow with the increase of the qubit number.
In this paper, we propose a scheme for implementing a Toffoli gate in a system with an atom that has six levels in a lambda configuration, interacting with a high-Q cavity containing four modes. Here, we reduce a six-level system into an effective three-level behavior by applying the adiabatic elimination method. Next, we calculate the probabilities of the states of the interest as well as the fidelity. We also study the effects of photonic and atomic decay rates on the evolution of the system which is reasonably less sensitive to decoherence.