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Optics Express

Fast CNOT gate between two spatially separated atoms via shortcuts to adiabatic passage

Yan Liang, Chong Song, Xin Ji, Shou Zhang

Published Sep 2, 2015• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum logic gate is indispensable to quantum computation. One of the important qubit operations is the quantum controlled-not (CNOT) gate that performs a NOT operation on a target qubit depending on the state of the control qubit. In this paper we present a scheme to realize the quantum CNOT gate between two spatially separated atoms via shortcuts to adiabatic passage. The influence of various decoherence processes on the fidelity is discussed. The strict numerical simulation results show that the fidelity for the CNOT gate is relatively high.

DOI
10.1364/oe.23.023798

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Quantum logic gate is indispensable to quantum computation. One of the important qubit operations is the quantum controlled-not (CNOT) gate that performs a NOT operation on a target qubit depending on the state of the control qubit. In this paper we present a scheme to realize the quantum CNOT gate between two spatially separated atoms via shortcuts to adiabatic passage. The influence of various decoherence processes on the fidelity is discussed. The strict numerical simulation results show that the fidelity for the CNOT gate is relatively high.
Based on the shortcuts to adiabatic passage, we propose a scheme for directly implementing a controlled-not (CNOT) gate in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Moreover, we generalize the scheme to realize a CNOT gate in two separate cavities connected by an optical fiber. The strictly numerical simulation shows that the schemes are fast and insensitive to the decoherence caused by atomic spontaneous emission and photon leakage. In addition, the schemes can provide a theoretical basis for the manipulation of the multiqubit quantum gates in distant nodes of a quantum network.
Abstract The quantum logic gate is a basic operation in quantum computing. SWAP gates are quite useful as a type of two-qubit logic gate. In this paper, we propose a fast scheme to get a deterministic SWAP gate between two atoms in just one step. In this scheme the experimental parameters, such as evolution time, laser parameters and so on, do not need to be controlled precisely. This greatly simplifies the actual operation. Meanwhile, the strict numerical simulations show that decoherence arising from spontaneous emission and cavity decay may be allowed to some extent. What is more, the idea can be used to generate a SWAP gate between two spatially separate atoms. It is worth noting that our scheme simplifies the complex steps found in some pre-existing schemes.
Abstract A scheme to implement the controlled‐NOT (CNOT) gate for quantum systems is proposed, which is based on Lyapunov control. The scheme does not require precise control of the interaction time since the system is stable when the control fields vanish. In particular, the control fields can be easily obtained by most initial states. As an example, the CNOT gate is realized for two atoms trapped in an optical cavity by exploiting two disturbance cases. Compared to continuous disturbance, the fidelity of the CNOT gate is higher under impulsive disturbance, however, interaction times are much longer. Numerical simulations indicate that the scheme is robust against variations of control parameters and decoherence caused by atomic spontaneous emission and cavity decay. Therefore, the scheme may provide useful applications in quantum computation.
Based on the quantum Zeno dynamics, we propose two approaches for directly implementing a CNOT gate in a cavity QED system instead of constructing it from elementary gates. The first approach works in the decoherence-free subspaces (DFS) due to the quantum Zeno effect, which is robust against cavity decay. Based on the first model, we then propose the second approach which takes advantage of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) with only six pulses; thus it is insensitive to the atomic spontaneous emission. The two schemes are suitable for different decoherence parameters. The strictly numerical simulation shows that the average gate fidelities for the two methods are relatively high.
Abstract Entangling gates between qubits are a crucial component for performing algorithms in quantum computers. However, any quantum algorithm must ultimately operate on error-protected logical qubits encoded in high-dimensional systems. Typically, logical qubits are encoded in multiple two-level systems, but entangling gates operating on such qubits are highly complex and have not yet been demonstrated. Here we realize a controlled NOT (CNOT) gate between two multiphoton qubits in two microwave cavities. In this approach, we encode a qubit in the high-dimensional space of a single cavity mode, rather than in multiple two-level systems. We couple two such encoded qubits together through a transmon, which is driven by an RF pump to apply the gate within 190 ns. This is two orders of magnitude shorter than the decoherence time of the transmon, enabling a high-fidelity gate operation. These results are an important step towards universal algorithms on error-corrected logical qubits.
Entangling gates between qubits are a crucial component for performing algorithms in quantum computers. However, any quantum algorithm must ultimately operate on error-protected logical qubits encoded in high-dimensional systems. Typically, logical qubits are encoded in multiple two-level systems, but entangling gates operating on such qubits are highly complex and have not yet been demonstrated. Here we realize a controlled NOT (CNOT) gate between two multiphoton qubits in two microwave cavities. In this approach, we encode a qubit in the high-dimensional space of a single cavity mode, rather than in multiple two-level systems. We couple two such encoded qubits together through a transmon, which is driven by an RF pump to apply the gate within 190 ns. This is two orders of magnitude shorter than the decoherence time of the transmon, enabling a high-fidelity gate operation. These results are an important step towards universal algorithms on error-corrected logical qubits.