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Optics Letters

Optical stealth transmission based on super-continuum generation in highly nonlinear fiber over WDM network

Huatao Zhu, Rong Wang, Tao Pu, Tao Fang, Xiang Fang Peng, Jilin Zheng, Dalei Chen

Published May 21, 2015• 26 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this Letter, the optical stealth transmission carried by super-continuum spectrum optical pulses generated in highly nonlinear fiber is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed transmission scheme, super-continuum signals are reshaped in the spectral domain through a wavelength-selective switch and are temporally spread by a chromatic dispersion device to achieve the same noise-like characteristic as the noise in optical networks, so that in both the time domain and the spectral domain, the stealth signals are hidden in public channel. Our experimental results show that compared with existing schemes where stealth channels are carried by amplified spontaneous emission noise, super-continuum signal can increase the transmission performance and robustness.

DOI
10.1364/ol.40.002561

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In this Letter, the optical stealth transmission carried by super-continuum spectrum optical pulses generated in highly nonlinear fiber is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed transmission scheme, super-continuum signals are reshaped in the spectral domain through a wavelength-selective switch and are temporally spread by a chromatic dispersion device to achieve the same noise-like characteristic as the noise in optical networks, so that in both the time domain and the spectral domain, the stealth signals are hidden in public channel. Our experimental results show that compared with existing schemes where stealth channels are carried by amplified spontaneous emission noise, super-continuum signal can increase the transmission performance and robustness.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) optical stealth transmission system carried by amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise. The stealth signal is hidden in both time and frequency domains by using ASE noise as the signal carrier. Each WDM channel uses part of the ASE spectrum, which provides more flexibility to apply stealth transmission in a public network and adds another layer of security to the stealth channel. Multi-channel transmission also increases the overall channel capacity, which is the major limitation of the single stealth channel transmission based on ASE noise. The relations between spectral bandwidth and coherence length of ASE carrier have been theoretically analyzed and experimentally investigated.
Security enhancement of stealth channel by combining time-domain spectral phase en/decoding (SPE/D) OCDMA scheme and group velocity dispersion is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The time-domain spectral phase encoded OCDMA signal, which utilizes a linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating for pulse broadening and a high-speed phase modulator for SPE, has been stealth transmitted over a public wavelengthdivision-multiplexing network. Error-free transmission (bit-error rate-9) has been achieved for both the public and stealth channel with 32-chip 40-Gchip/s gold codes.
A novel approach is proposed and experimentally demonstrated for optical steganography transmission in WDM networks using temporal phase coded optical signals with spectral notch filtering. A temporal phase coded stealth channel is temporally and spectrally overlaid onto a public WDM channel. Direct detection of the public channel is achieved in the presence of the stealth channel. The interference from the public channel is suppressed by spectral notching before the detection of the optical stealth signal. The approach is shown to have good compatibility and robustness to the existing WDM network for optical steganography transmission.
Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light is the most natural optical carrier to hide a message in the existing optical networks at photonic layer. To enhance the anti-intercept ability of the ASE-carried stealth channel, a novel optical stealth communication scheme based on quantum noise stream cipher is proposed. The ASE light is intensity modulated by the cipher-text according to Y-00 protocol, and then transmitted under public optical noise after power attenuation. The expression of quantum noise stream ciphered ASE signal is derived, and numerical simulation is carried out. A proof-of-concept experiment is set up to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme. The experiment results show that the quantum noise stream ciphered stealth signals can be transmitted over a 25 km single-mode fiber span error-free.
To provide secure and covert transmission for optical communication system at the same time, a quantum-noise stream ciphered optical stealth communication approach is proposed for the first time. In the proposed system, the optical pulses are time spread by a chromatic dispersion device and then phase modulated with optical codes at chip rate to realize an equivalent spectral encoding. Binary optical codes are converted to multiple level phase-shift keying signal according to Y-00 protocol. The encoded optical signals are attenuated to mesoscopic coherent states and sent to a public channel. The ciphered signals are stealthy transmitted under public channel noise. The availability and covertness of the optical stealth channel is verified by system simulations.