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Stabilization of the excited states

V. A. Buts

Published Jan 1, 2010• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

The mechanism allowing to stabilize excited states of quantum systems is offered. The mechanism stabilization is similar to quantum Zeno’s effect. The difference consists that under system is not made supervision. Instead of it the system is periodically transferred in other quantum state. The speed, necessary for stabilization, of stabilizing transferring is determined.

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The mechanism allowing to stabilize excited states of quantum systems is offered. The mechanism stabilization is similar to quantum Zeno’s effect. The difference consists that under system is not made supervision. Instead of it the system is periodically transferred in other quantum state. The speed, necessary for stabilization, of stabilizing transferring is determined.
The mechanism allowing to stabilize of a state of quantum systems is considered. And, the initial condition can correspond both for excited state and for not excited, stationary state. The considered mechanism for the first time was offered for the excited states, and has received the name as quantum whirligig (QWE). In this work the close connection of the considered mechanism with Zeno effect is shown. The considerations are stated, that many experimental results, which are interpreted as observation of Zeno effect, apparently, correspond to QWE.
The quantum Zeno effect lies in the suppression of the quantum system’s evolution due to frequent successive measurements, which leads to the inhibition of transitions between quantum states. The paper presumes that a qubit can be found in an excited state |1) or in the non-excited state |0). The work aims to investigate how the quantum Zeno effect can be applied to the stable excited state of a qubit to prevent its spontaneous transition to the state |0). An As atom is exploited as the physical realization of a qubit, and it is suggested to register its quantum state using the scanning probe microscopy methods. The work demonstrates the condition necessary for the occurrence of the quantum Zeno effect in the system under study. Calculation results show that the diameter of the excited-state As atom orbit is 1.5 times larger than the diameter of an unexcited atom orbit. This ratio serves as an experimental criterion for identifying the state of a qubit.
Comparative analysis of three stabilization mechanisms of unstable states of physical systems is presented in this review. These mechanisms are: the quantum Zeno effect, the stabilization of unstable states in an external fast oscillating field (i.e. the Kapitza pendulum), and the mechanism named as the spinning top mechanism. The common features of these mechanisms, as well as the differences between them, are analyzed in the paper. In particular, it is shown that the stabilization of quantum systems is possible without involvement of such concept as the collapse of wave function. For stabilization it is sufficient to have a stabilizing radiation flow with the Rabi frequency of transitions exceeding some frequency. This frequency is inversely proportional to the lifetime of the state under stabilization. It is shown that the Top principle allows stabilizing unstable systems using affecting only those states to which these systems must go over. It is shown that stabilization of unstable states by impact of rapidly oscillating forces occurs by non-self-consistent exposure, i.e. the dynamics of stabilizing field is independent on the dynamics of the stabilized state. Stabilization using the spinning top principle involves self-consistent forces, and thus, in many cases can be the most effective mechanism of stabilization.
Comparative analysis of three stabilization mechanisms of unstable states of physical systems is presented in this review. These mechanisms are: the quantum Zeno effect, the stabilization of unstable states in an external fast oscillating field (at the example of Kapitza pendulum), and the algorithm called as the principle of whirligig. The common features of these mechanisms, as well as the differences between them, are defined in the paper. In particular, it is shown that the stabilization of quantum systems is possible without involvement of such a notion as the collapse of the wave function. For stabilization there is enough to have such a stabilizing radiation flow when the Rabi frequency of transitions does exceed some frequency. This particular frequency is a magnitude inverse-ly proportional to the lifetime of the state under stabilization. It is shown that stabilization of unstable states by impact of rapidly oscillating forces occurs by non-self-consistent exposure, i.e. the dynamics of stabilizing field is independent of the dynamics of the stabilized state. Stabilization with the principle of whirligig does occur by self-consistent forces, and thus, in many cases stabilization by the use of the principle of whirligig can be more effective.
Abstract The control of thermal decoherence via dynamical decoupling and via the quantum Zeno effect (Zeno control) is investigated for a model of trapped ion, where the dynamics of two low‐lying hyperfine states undergoes decoherence due to the thermal interaction with an excited state. Dynamical decoupling is a procedure that consists in periodically driving the excited state, while the Zeno control consists in frequently measuring it. When the control frequency is high enough, decoherence is shown to be suppressed. Otherwise, both controls may accelerate decoherence. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004
As we know,quantum Zeno effect may appear when frequent measurements are performed on an unstable quantum system.This effect is well popular in quantum information and quantum computation.However,most of the previous discussions on quantum Zeno effect were focused on two-level systems.In order to comprehend quantum Zeno effect and prevent the transition in different quantum systems better,we verified the existence of quantum Zeno effect in three-level systems.Furthermore,the existence of quantum Zeno effect in multilevel systems could also be fully verified similarly.