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THE MECHANISM OF SUPPRESSION OF QUANTUM TRANSITIONS (QUANTUM WHIRLIGIG)

V. A. Buts

Published Jan 1, 2010• 3 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The mechanism allowing to stabilize of a state of quantum systems is considered. And, the initial condition can correspond both for excited state and for not excited, stationary state. The considered mechanism for the first time was offered for the excited states, and has received the name as quantum whirligig (QWE). In this work the close connection of the considered mechanism with Zeno effect is shown. The considerations are stated, that many experimental results, which are interpreted as observation of Zeno effect, apparently, correspond to QWE.

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QUANTUM ZENO EFFECT, KAPITSA PENDULUM AND WHIRLIGIG PRINCIPLE. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

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Comparative analysis of three stabilization mechanisms of unstable states of physical systems is presented in this review. These mechanisms are: the quantum Zeno effect, the stabilization of unstable states in an external fast oscillating field (at the example of Kapitza pendulum), and the algorithm called as the principle of whirligig. The common features of these mechanisms, as well as the differences between them, are defined in the paper. In particular, it is shown that the stabilization of quantum systems is possible without involvement of such a notion as the collapse of the wave function. For stabilization there is enough to have such a stabilizing radiation flow when the Rabi frequency of transitions does exceed some frequency. This particular frequency is a magnitude inverse-ly proportional to the lifetime of the state under stabilization. It is shown that stabilization of unstable states by impact of rapidly oscillating forces occurs by non-self-consistent exposure, i.e. the dynamics of stabilizing field is independent of the dynamics of the stabilized state. Stabilization with the principle of whirligig does occur by self-consistent forces, and thus, in many cases stabilization by the use of the principle of whirligig can be more effective.

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It is shown that the whirligig principle can be used for stabilization of the initial states of some classical and quantum systems. This feature of the whirligig principle is demonstrated by simple examples. The most important result of this work is the proof of the fact that the stabilization of the excited states of quantum systems can be realized by acting not on the quantum system itself, but by acting on the states into which the system must go. Potentially, this result can be used to stabilize excited nuclear systems.

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The mechanism allowing to stabilize of a state of quantum systems is considered. And, the initial condition can correspond both for excited state and for not excited, stationary state. The considered mechanism for the first time was offered for the excited states, and has received the name as quantum whirligig (QWE). In this work the close connection of the considered mechanism with Zeno effect is shown. The considerations are stated, that many experimental results, which are interpreted as observation of Zeno effect, apparently, correspond to QWE.
Comparative analysis of three stabilization mechanisms of unstable states of physical systems is presented in this review. These mechanisms are: the quantum Zeno effect, the stabilization of unstable states in an external fast oscillating field (at the example of Kapitza pendulum), and the algorithm called as the principle of whirligig. The common features of these mechanisms, as well as the differences between them, are defined in the paper. In particular, it is shown that the stabilization of quantum systems is possible without involvement of such a notion as the collapse of the wave function. For stabilization there is enough to have such a stabilizing radiation flow when the Rabi frequency of transitions does exceed some frequency. This particular frequency is a magnitude inverse-ly proportional to the lifetime of the state under stabilization. It is shown that stabilization of unstable states by impact of rapidly oscillating forces occurs by non-self-consistent exposure, i.e. the dynamics of stabilizing field is independent of the dynamics of the stabilized state. Stabilization with the principle of whirligig does occur by self-consistent forces, and thus, in many cases stabilization by the use of the principle of whirligig can be more effective.
It is shown that the whirligig principle can be used for stabilization of the initial states of some classical and quantum systems. This feature of the whirligig principle is demonstrated by simple examples. The most important result of this work is the proof of the fact that the stabilization of the excited states of quantum systems can be realized by acting not on the quantum system itself, but by acting on the states into which the system must go. Potentially, this result can be used to stabilize excited nuclear systems.
The quantum Zeno effect lies in the suppression of the quantum system’s evolution due to frequent successive measurements, which leads to the inhibition of transitions between quantum states. The paper presumes that a qubit can be found in an excited state |1) or in the non-excited state |0). The work aims to investigate how the quantum Zeno effect can be applied to the stable excited state of a qubit to prevent its spontaneous transition to the state |0). An As atom is exploited as the physical realization of a qubit, and it is suggested to register its quantum state using the scanning probe microscopy methods. The work demonstrates the condition necessary for the occurrence of the quantum Zeno effect in the system under study. Calculation results show that the diameter of the excited-state As atom orbit is 1.5 times larger than the diameter of an unexcited atom orbit. This ratio serves as an experimental criterion for identifying the state of a qubit.
In this work we theoretically consider quantum Zeno effect for entangled (correlated) quantum states. (Our physical systems and calculations are simpler than it is case in remarkable work on entanglement protection via Zeno effect by Maniscalco et all. But Maniscalco et all and our final conclusions are the same.) Firstly, we demonstrate well-known quantum Zeno effect by frequent decay detection for single, simple, two-level quantum system, with stable, ground quantum state and one non-stable, excited quantum state which can decay, by photon emission, in the ground state. (In this case, by frequent decay detections, system stands in the excited state.) Further, we consider single photon with energy equivalent to energy difference between excited and ground energy level of mentioned system. After interaction with a half-silvered mirror, mentioned photon is in a quantum superposition of the reflected and transmitted quantum state or trajectory. Mentioned trajectories are directed toward two identical, but distant, mentioned simple two-level systems both of which are initially (before interaction with photon) in ground state. Immediately after interaction with photon (photon absorption) two two-level systems are described by entangled (correlated) quantum state ( (excited, ground) + (ground, excited) , symbolically). We prove that in this case, by frequent decay detections on both systems, mentioned two two-level systems are described by initial entangled (correlated) quantum state ( (excited, ground) +(ground, excited)).
The Quantum Zeno effect is often interpreted as demonstrating that frequent measurements physically inhibit the dynamical evolution of a quantum system. This paper develops an Observer-First Interpretation (OFI) in which quantum states are treated as observer-relative informational constructs constrained by evidence accessibility and record stability. Within this framework, Zeno-like stabilization does not arise from a physical freezing of dynamics, but from repeated informational conditioning that continuously redefines the effective state of the system relative to the observer. The proposed interpretation preserves unitary evolution, respects causal structure, and reproduces all experimentally observed Quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno phenomena without modifying the formalism of quantum mechanics.