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Science China Physics Mechanics and Astronomy

Dynamic and steady control of quantum coherence in photonic crystals via the Zeeman effect

LuZhou Chen, Yong-Gang Huang, Chongjun Jin, XueHua Wang

Published Nov 21, 2012• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11433-012-4935-y

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We experimentally investigate the transient dynamics of an optical cavity field interacting with large ion Coulomb crystals in a situation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). EIT is achieved by injecting a probe field at the single photon level and a more intense control field with opposite circular polarization into the same mode of an optical cavity to couple Zeeman substates of a metastable level in 40Ca+ ions. The EIT interaction dynamics are investigated both in the frequency-domain – by measuring the probe field steady state reflectivity spectrum – and in the time-domain – by measuring the progressive buildup of transparency. The experimental results are observed to be in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions taking into account the inhomogeneity of the control field in the interaction volume, and confirm the high degree of control on light-matter interaction that can be achieved with ion Coulomb crystals in optical cavities.
We demonstrate how the dissipative interaction between a superconducting qubit and a microwave photonic crystal can be used for quantum bath engineering. The photonic crystal is created with a step-impedance transmission line which suppresses and enhances the quantum spectral density of states, influencing decay transitions of a transmon circuit. The qubit interacts with the transmission line indirectly via dispersive coupling to a cavity. We characterize the photonic crystal density of states from both the unitary and dissipative dynamics of the qubit. When the qubit is driven, it dissipates into the frequency dependent density of states of the photonic crystal. Our result is the deterministic preparation of qubit superposition states as the steady state of coherent driving and dissipation near the photonic crystal band edge, which we characterize with quantum state tomography. Our results highlight how the multimode environment from the photonic crystal forms a resource for quantum control.
We demonstrate coherent control of the population and polarization of a two-level subsystem consisting of the two upper levels of a three-level atom in the V-configuration placed inside the structured reservoir of a photonic crystal. One of the excited state transition frequencies is located deep within the photonic band gap and the other transition is near the photonic band edge. Using the method of generalized-Laplace transforms, we study the population and polarization of the two-level subsystem of the three-level atom in the Born approximation without making the Markov approximation. The generalized-Laplace transform technique allows us to solve the Langevin equation for the operators and the correlation function of operators rather than the Schrodinger equations of motion. Coherent control of the population and the polarization dynamics of the two-level subsystem is demonstrated in the structured electromagnetic density of states of a photonic crystal. We demonstrate the tunability of the fractionalized steady-state population and the residual coherence in the photon–atom bound state by varying the Rabi frequency and the phase of the driving laser field.