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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Atom chip-based ultracold potassium for microwave and radio-frequency potentials

Austin R. Ziltz, Charles Fancher, Andrew J. Pyle, Elana Urbach, Megan Ivory, S. Aubin

Published Jun 5, 2014• 0 citations
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This thesis describes the design, construction, and testing of a radio frequency signal source for generating rapidly changing frequencies in a repeatable and phase continuous manner. The radio frequency (RF) signal is generated by a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) which is controlled by a triggerable microprocessor unit which is itself remotely programmed through an Ethernet connection. Waveforms generated by the RF source can be used for direct RF evaporation or RF manipulation of magnetic trapping potentials for ultra-cold atoms on an atom chip. The ultimate objective of the project is to mix the RF signal with higher frequency carrier waves to generate microwaves for the manipulation of hyperfine states of ultra-cold atoms of potassium and rubidium.
In this dissertation we study the development of microwave and RF near-field potentials for use with atom chip trapped atomic gases. These potentials are inherently spin-dependent, able to target individual spin states simultaneously. In contrast with traditional atom chip potentials, these RF traps can be operated at arbitrary bias magnetic field strengths and thus be combined with magnetic Feshbach resonances. Furthermore, these potentials can strongly suppress the potential roughness that plagues traditional atom chip potentials. We present a dual chamber atom chip apparatus for generating ultracold 87Rb and 39K atomic gases. The apparatus produces quasi-pure Bose-Einstein condensates of 104 87Rb atoms in an atom chip trap that features a dimple and good optical access. We have also demonstrated production of ultracold 39K and subsequent loading into the chip trap. We describe the details of the dual chamber vacuum system, the cooling lasers, the magnetic trap, the multi coil magnetic transport system, and the atom chip. The apparatus is well suited for studies of atom-surface forces, quantum pumping and transport experiments, atom interferometry, novel chip-based traps, and studies of one-dimensional many-body systems.