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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Systematic Study of the $^{87}$Sr Clock Transition in an Optical Lattice

Martin M. Boyd, Andrew D. Ludlow, Tanya Zelevinsky, Seth M. Foreman, Sebastian Blatt, M. Notcutt, T. Ido, Jun Ye

Published May 18, 2006• 58 citations
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Systematic Study of the 87^{87}87Sr Clock Transition in an Optical Lattice
We report the observation of the magnetic-field-induced ( 5 d 10 6 s 2 ) S 0 1 − ( 5 d 10 6 s 6 p ) P 0 3 transition in a bosonic isotope of mercury, Hg 198 , realized in an optical lattice clock. We characterize this Hg 198 clock transition at 265.6 nm, determining key features such as the quadratic Zeeman shift, the probe light shift, and the magic frequency. We also report a comparison between the Hg 198 optical lattice clock and Sr 87 . In this comparison, the Hg 198 clock has a relative frequency stability of 6 × 10 − 16 / τ / s and a total relative systematic uncertainty of 6.9 × 10 − 16 . This comparison yields the first direct determination of the Hg 198 / Sr 87 optical frequency ratio: Hg 198 / Sr 87 = 2.629 315 734 684 118 1 , with the same relative uncertainty.
We demonstrate a one-dimensional optical lattice clock with a spin-polarized fermionic isotope designed to realize a collision-shift-free atomic clock with neutral atom ensembles. To reduce systematic uncertainties, we developed both Zeeman shift and vector light-shift cancellation techniques. By introducing both an H-maser and a Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase link, the absolute frequency of the 1S0(F=9/2)−3P0(F=9/2)^1S_0(F=9/2) - {}^3P_0(F=9/2)1S0​(F=9/2)−3P0​(F=9/2) clock transition of the 87^{87}87Sr optical lattice clock is determined as 429,228,004,229,875(4) Hz, where the uncertainty is mainly limited by that of the frequency link. The result indicates that the Sr lattice clock will play an important role in the scope of the redefinition of the ``second'' by optical frequency standards.
Suppression of collisional shifts via strong inter-atomic interactions in a 87^{87}87Sr optical lattice clock
We discuss the extension of a recently proposed method based on continuous spectroscopy of 88 Sr atoms trapped in a moving optical lattice [Appl. Phys. Express, 14 , 072 006 (2021)] to the operation of bicolor thulium optical clocks. Simultaneous interrogation of two clock transitions at 1.14 μ m and build-up of a synthetic frequency provides a straightforward way to significantly suppress the first-order Doppler shift and cancel out the second-order Zeeman shift, the latter being one of the major sources of uncertainty in the originally proposed 88 Sr setup. In our configuration, the total systematic frequency shift is 4 × 10 −16 and instability is at or lower than 10 −18 after 1 h of integration.