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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Avoiding entanglement sudden death on two-qubit systems using single-qubit quantum measurement reversal

Hyang‐Tag Lim, Jong Chan Lee, Kang-Hee Hong, Yoon-Ho Kim

Published Aug 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Decoherence on two-qubit systems degrades entanglement, and sometimes even causes entanglement sudden death (ESD). We show that quantum measurement reversal on only one subsystem can avoid ESD, providing methods for practical entanglement distribution under decoherence.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2015.7376511

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When two entangled qubits, each owned by Alice and Bob, undergo separate decoherence, the amount of entanglement is reduced, and often, weak decoherence causes complete loss of entanglement, known as entanglement sudden death. Here we show that it is possible to apply quantum measurement reversal on a single-qubit to avoid entanglement sudden death, rather than on both qubits. Our scheme has important applications in quantum information processing protocols based on distributed or stored entangled qubits as they are subject to decoherence.
Decoherence, which causes degradation of entanglement and in some cases entanglement sudden death, is a critical issue faced in quantum information. Protecting entanglement from decoherence, therefore, is essential in practical realization of quantum computing and quantum communication protocols. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel method to protect entanglement from amplitude damping decoherence via weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal. It is shown that even entanglement sudden death can be circumvented.
The unavoidable and irreversible interaction between an entangled quantum system and its environment causes decoherence of the individual qubits as well as degradation of the entanglement between them. Entanglement sudden death (ESD) is the phenomenon wherein disentanglement happens in finite time even when individual qubits decohere only asymptotically in time due to noise. Prolonging the entanglement is essential for the practical realization of entanglement-based quantum information and computation protocols. For this purpose, the local NOT operation in the computational basis on one or both qubits has been proposed. Here, we formulate an all-optical experimental setup involving such NOT operations that can hasten, delay, or completely avert ESD, all depending on when it is applied during the process of decoherence. Analytical expressions for these are derived in terms of parameters of the initial state’s density matrix, whether for pure or mixed entangled states. After a discussion of the schematics of the experiment, the problem is theoretically analyzed, and simulation results of such manipulations of ESD are presented.
Decoherence, often caused by unavoidable coupling with the environment, leads to degradation of quantum coherence. For a multipartite quantum system, decoherence leads to degradation of entanglement and, in certain cases, entanglement sudden death. Tackling decoherence, thus, is a critical issue faced in quantum information, as entanglement is a vital resource for many quantum information applications including quantum computing, quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and quantum metrology. Here, we propose and demonstrate a novel scheme to protect entanglement from decoherence. Our entanglement protection scheme makes use of the quantum measurement itself for actively battling against decoherence and it can effectively circumvent even entanglement sudden death (ESD).
We investigate the entanglement dynamics of two interacting qubits in a common vacuum environment. The inevitable environment interaction leads to entanglement sudden death (ESD) in a two qubit entangled state system. The entanglement dynamics can be modified by the use of local unitary operations (quantum gates), applied on the system during its evolution. We show that these operations not only delays or avoids the ESD but also advances the entanglement revival with high concurrence value depending on the time of operation. We have analytically found out different time windows for switching with different quantum gates so that the ESD can be completely avoided in the subsequent evolution of the system. Our result offers practical applications in the field of quantum information processing where the entanglement is a necessary resource.