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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Ultrabroadband quantum interface for telecom-wavelength single-photon qubits using a semiconductor quantum dot ensemble

Kazumasa Suzuki, Kouichi Akahane, Junko Ishi‐Hayase

Published Jun 1, 2013• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the coherent transfer and retrieval of ultrabroadband (terahertz range) time-bin qubits to a quantum dot ensemble using photon echo technique at telecommunication wavelength. The time-bin qubits are implemented with 1-ps weak coherent pulses at the single photon level. The transfer and retrieval fidelity of time-bin qubits is estimated to be higher than 95 % for 200-ps storage time.

DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2013.6600231

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We demonstrate the coherent transfer and retrieval of ultrabroadband (terahertz range) time-bin qubits to a quantum dot ensemble using photon echo technique at telecommunication wavelength. The time-bin qubits are implemented with 1-ps weak coherent pulses at the single photon level. The transfer and retrieval fidelity of time-bin qubits is estimated to be higher than 95 % for 200-ps storage time.
We demonstrate the coherent transfer and on-demand retrieval of quantum state of telecom-wavelength ultrabroadband single photon pulse (terahertz range) to a collective excitation of a large number of quantum dots using photon-echo technique. The large inhomogeneous broadening of exciton energies in quantum dots, in conjunction with photon-echo technique, enables us to increase the acceptable spectral bandwidth of transferred single photon pulse from the current maximum of 5 gigahertz to 1 terahertz.
We have developed a quantum memory using quantum dots with a photon echo method for the storage of ultraweak femtosecond pulses. This quantum memory has a large bandwidth of 7.2 THz, which can be achieved due to the large inhomogeneous broadening of quantum dots. We successfully demonstrated femtosecond timebin pulse transfer to photon-echo-based quantum memory using quantum dots. We also succeeded in measuring the retrieved time-bin pulses as a photon echo from the quantum memory using a pulse-pumped frequency upconversion single-photon detector (UCSPD) with a temporal resolution of 429 fs. It is found that the retrieved time-bin photon echo pulse maintains the sub-picosecond time duration and the relative phase.
Quantum memories at telecom wavelengths are crucial for the construction of large-scale quantum networks based on existing fiber networks. On-demand storage of telecom photonic qubits is an essential request for such networking applications but yet to be demonstrated. Here we demonstrate the storage and on-demand retrieval of telecom photonic qubits using a laser-written waveguide fabricated in an ^{167}Er^{3+}:Y_{2}SiO_{5} crystal. Both ends of the waveguide memory are directly connected with fiber arrays with a fiber-to-fiber efficiency of 51%. Storage fidelity of 98.3(1)% can be obtained for time-bin qubits encoded with single-photon-level coherent pulses, which is far beyond the maximal fidelity that can be achieved with a classical measure and prepared strategy. This device features high reliability and easy scalability, and it can be directly integrated into fiber networks, which could play an essential role in fiber-based quantum networks.
Semiconductor quantum dots are prime candidates for applications in quantum networks, such as quantum relays, but their typical emission wavelength, polarization-based qubit encoding scheme, and low operating frequency are incompatible with existing technologies. This study shows that InAs/InP quantum dots driven with gigahertz-clocked pulses, in combination with qubit-transcoding interferometers, can bridge these gaps. The observed teleportation of time-bin qubits in the telecom CCC band, even when repetition rates exceed the inverse lifetime of the dot, shows the potential for integrating such devices with long-distance quantum network technologies.