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Evaluation of Femtosecond Time-bin Photon Echo from Quantum Dot Ensemble using Frequency Up-conversion Technique

Yuta Kochi, Yutaro Kinoshita, Sunao Kurimura, Kouichi Akahane, Junko Ishi‐Hayase

Published Jan 1, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have succeeded in femtosecond time-bin pulses storage/retrieval by a photon echo method with a quantum dot ensemble. Moreover, we have developed an up-conversion single-photon detector and evaluated the ultraweak femtosecond time-bin echo signal.
DOI
10.1364/cleo_fs.2023.ff2l.5

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We have developed a quantum memory using quantum dots with a photon echo method for the storage of ultraweak femtosecond pulses. This quantum memory has a large bandwidth of 7.2 THz, which can be achieved due to the large inhomogeneous broadening of quantum dots. We successfully demonstrated femtosecond timebin pulse transfer to photon-echo-based quantum memory using quantum dots. We also succeeded in measuring the retrieved time-bin pulses as a photon echo from the quantum memory using a pulse-pumped frequency upconversion single-photon detector (UCSPD) with a temporal resolution of 429 fs. It is found that the retrieved time-bin photon echo pulse maintains the sub-picosecond time duration and the relative phase.
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Time-bin qubits, in which quantum information is encoded in a single photon at different times ΔΔΔt, are suitable for long-distance transmission via optical fibers. However, detection of time-bin qubits has been limited to the nanosecond range owing to the limited temporal resolution of single-photon detectors. In this study, we developed an up-conversion single-photon detector (UCSPD), using commercial nonlinear crystals of different lengths. By changing the crystal length and pump power, we quantitatively evaluated the efficiency and temporal resolution of the UCSPD and determined the optimal conditions for measuring femtosecond time-bin qubits. This detector achieved a temporal resolution of 415 fs and up-conversion efficiency of 10.1 %. Consequently, we successfully evaluated single-photon level pseudo femtosecond time-bin qubits with a pulse interval of only 800 fs.
We developed a THz bandwidth quantum memory using a photon echo technique in InAs quantum dot ensemble with a large inhomogeneous broadning. To improve photon echo generation efficiency, we applied Adiabatic Rapid Passage (ARP) technique to quantum manipulation of quantum memory. In addition, we developed pulse pumped up conversion single photon detector (UCSPD) which enables us to achieve the femtosecond scale temporal resolution and we successfully demonstrated femtosecond time bin photon echo signals.