TWO-QUANTUM PHOTON--PLASMON 2S/sub 1/2/--1S/sub 1/2/ TRANSITION.

Two-photon transitions for hydrogen and hydrogenlike ions in arbitrary magnetic fields are investigated using currently available nonrelativistic energy levels and one-photon dipole transition probabilities. For hydrogen, the 2s-1s two-photon spontaneous-decay rate is shown to increase rapidly with the strength of the applied field from its field-free value of 8.2284 ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ to a maximum of 1.537\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{8}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 1.41\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{6}$ T, approaching that of the 2p-1s one-photon rate, and to drop slightly to 1.055\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{8}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 4.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{} ${10}^{8}$ T. The transition rate is shown to scale as ${\mathit{Z}}^{4}$ for hydrogenic ions with nuclear charge Z in fields \ensuremath{\ge}3300 ${\mathit{Z}}^{2}$ T. The spectral distribution of the photons for the 2s-1s transition in a large field reveals interesting features including resonances due to migration of the 2 ${\mathit{p}}_{0}$ and 2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ energy levels between the 1s and 2s levels and the appearance of minima resulting from destructive interference between the intermediate-state dipole terms. In the field-free case, these spectral features are only present for high-lying-state transitions, i.e., 3s-1s, 4s-1s, etc.Two-photon transitions for hydrogen and hydrogenlike ions in arbitrary magnetic fields are investigated using currently available nonrelativistic energy levels and one-photon dipole transition probabilities. For hydrogen, the 2s-1s two-photon spontaneous-decay rate is shown to increase rapidly with the strength of the applied field from its field-free value of 8.2284 ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ to a maximum of 1.537\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{8}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 1.41\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{6}$ T, approaching that of the 2p-1s one-photon rate, and to drop slightly to 1.055\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{8}$ ${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 4.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{8}$ T. The transition rate is shown to scale as ${\mathit{Z}}^{4}$ for hydrogenic ions with nuclear charge Z in fields \ensuremath{\ge}3300${\mathit{Z}}^{2}$ T. The spectral distribution of the photons for the 2s-1s transition in a large field reveals interesting features including resonances due to migration of the 2${\mathit{p}}_{0}$ and 2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ energy levels between the 1s and 2s levels and the appearance of minima resulting from destructive interference between the intermediate-state dipole terms. In the field-free case, these spectral features are only present for high-lying-state transitions, i.e., 3s-1s, 4s-1s, etc.

Physical Review AJul 1, 19938 citations

Two-plasmon quantum interference

James S. Fakonas, Hyunseok Lee, Yousif Kelaita +1 more

Nature PhotonicsFeb 28, 2014184 citations

Photon Wave-Particle Transition

Tore Wessel-Berg

Springer eBooksJan 1, 20010 citations

Polarization correlation in the two-photon decay of atomic hydrogen: nonlocality versus entanglement

Thomas Radtke, A. Surzhykov, S. Fritzsche

From the work by Perrie et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1790 (1985)], photon pairs from the 2s 1/2 → 1s 1/2 (two-photon) decay of atomic hydrogen are known to be quantum mechanically correlated. In these experiments, the polarization states of the photons emitted in back-to-back geometry were shown to violate the Bell inequality as a qualitative sign of nonlocality and entanglement. In the present contribution, we analyze how these nonlocal quantum correlations, as given by the violation of the Bell inequality, differ from the concurrence as a true entanglement measure. Results are shown for both quantifiers in dependence of the decay geometry and the initial polarization of the atoms for the 2s 1/2 → 1s 1/2 and 3d 5/2 → 1s 1/2 two-photon decay of atomic hydrogen. These results display the difference between nonlocality and entanglement and, hence, may stimulate further experiments on nonlocal quantum correlations in atomic systems.From the work by Perrie et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1790 (1985)], photon pairs from the 2s 1/2 → 1s 1/2 (two-photon) decay of atomic hydrogen are known to be quantum mechanically correlated. In these experiments, the polarization states of the photons emitted in back-to-back geometry were shown to violate the Bell inequality as a qualitative sign of nonlocality and entanglement. In the present contribution, we analyze how these nonlocal quantum correlations, as given by the violation of the Bell inequality, differ from the concurrence as a true entanglement measure. Results are shown for both quantifiers in dependence of the decay geometry and the initial polarization of the atoms for the 2s 1/2 → 1s 1/2 and 3d 5/2 → 1s 1/2 two-photon decay of atomic hydrogen. These results display the difference between nonlocality and entanglement and, hence, may stimulate further experiments on nonlocal quantum correlations in atomic systems.

The European Physical Journal DJul 11, 20085 citations

{10}^{8}

${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 1.41\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{6}

T, approaching that of the 2p-1s one-photon rate, and to drop slightly to 1.055\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{8}

${\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ at 4.7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}

{10}^{8}

T. The transition rate is shown to scale as

{\mathit{Z}}^{4}

for hydrogenic ions with nuclear charge Z in fields \ensuremath{\ge}3300

{\mathit{Z}}^{2}

T. The spectral distribution of the photons for the 2s-1s transition in a large field reveals interesting features including resonances due to migration of the 2

{\mathit{p}}_{0}

and 2${\mathit{p}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ energy levels between the 1s and 2s levels and the appearance of minima resulting from destructive interference between the intermediate-state dipole terms. In the field-free case, these spectral features are only present for high-lying-state transitions, i.e., 3s-1s, 4s-1s, etc.