Photon Wave-Particle Transition

В. П. Крайнов, Boris Michailovich Smirnov

Zhong‐Xiao Man, Yun‐Jie Xia, Nguyen Ba An

We theoretically study wave-particle duality of two entangled photons in the spirit of quantum version of delayed-choice experiments using Hadamard gate controlled by the quantum state of an ancilla and show that the two photons may globally exhibit particle-like, wave-like or simultaneously both particle-like and wave-like behavior. We prove that the obtained results cannot be satisfactorily explained by any hidden-variable theory. We also propose an efficient and experimentally feasible scheme without using any ancilla and controlled-gates to directly (i.e., without postselection) observe the two-photon wave-particle superposed state as well as the continuous transition of their behavior between wave-like one and particle-like one.

Peng, Hui

The classical interpretation of Young’s double slit experiment is that, before and after passing through the diaphragm of the double slit, the light behaves as waves. Feynman called the double slit experiment “the only mystery [of quantum mechanics]. We have shown for the first time in the classical wave experiments: (1) Particle patterns (non-interference patterns) indicating the particle nature of light are near the diaphragm, and Interference patterns are near the screen; (2) Particle patterns evolve to Transition patterns (non-interference patterns) and finally, evolve to Interference patterns. We proposed Postulates of lens for utilizing lens in wave experiments. In this article, we experimentally suggest that Particle patterns, Transition patterns and Interference patterns simultaneously emerging on the screen in the double slit experiments show that the light beams are photons. The photon chamber shows that the photons distribute as waves in the wave experiments. We suggest that these phenomena and the physical mechanism of them are new mystery.

Ashok Muthukrishnan, Marlan O. Scully, M Zubairy

Iwo Białynicki‐Birula

Qi Guo, Wen-Jie Zhang, Gang Li +3 more

Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment delays the decision to observe either the wave or particle behavior of a photon until after it has entered the interferometer, and the quantum delayed-choice experiment provides the possibility of observing the wave and particle behaviors with a single experimental setup by introducing quantum control. We here propose a modified quantum delayed-choice experiment without quantum control or entanglement assistance, in which a photon can be prepared in a wave-particle superposition state and the morphing behavior of wave-to-particle transition can be observed easily. It is demonstrated that the presented scheme can allow us to rule out classical hidden-variable models in a device-independent manner via violating dimension witness. We also extend the scheme to the situation of two degrees of freedom, first constructing a hybrid quantum delayed-choice experiment which enables a photon respectively exhibits wave and particle behaviors in different degrees of freedom, and then proposing a scheme to prepare the single-photon wave-particle entanglement. This study is not only meaningful to explore the wave-particle complementarity of photons, but also provides potential for the research of the single-particle nonlocality from the perspective of the wave-particle degree of freedom.