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Laser Spectroscopy

DOPPLER-FREE SPECTROSCOPY BY LINEAR SELECTIVE REFLECTION AT GLASS/Cs-VAPOR INTERFACE

Marcos Oriá, Daniel Bloch, M. Ducloy

Published Jan 1, 1989• 1 citation
Publisher
DOI
10.1016/b978-0-12-251930-7.50019-4

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We confine a Cs thermal vapor in the interstitial regions of a glass opal. We perform linear reflection spectroscopy on a cell whose window is covered with a thin film (10 or 20 layers) of ∼1000 nm (or 400 nm) diameter glass spheres and observe sub-Doppler structures in the optical spectrum for a large range of oblique incidences. This original feature associated with the inner (3-dimensional) confinement of the vapor in the interstitial regions of the opal evokes a Dicke narrowing. We finally consider possible micron-size references for optical frequency clocks based on weak, hard to saturate, molecular lines.
Selective reflection from mercury vapor in the region of the 2537 Å resonance line was investigated at pressures up to 340 atm. using reflection cells of special design. The results were interpreted on the basis of the classical theory of reflection from an absorbing medium. By fitting calculated curves to the experimental reflection contours, values of the oscillator strength, f, and the damping constant, γ, were determined. The f values so obtained are density-dependent and at high pressures are approximately equal to one half the value for the free atom. As predicted by theory, the damping constant varies directly as the density of the atoms in the vapor. This result contradicts the earlier work of Welsh, Kastner, and Lauriston (1950) in which it was concluded that γ varies as the square root of the density. A subsidiary reflection maximum was observed at 2540 Å; it is attributed to Hg2 molecules which occur in relatively large concentrations at high densities. Some preliminary observations on the selective reflection at the 1850 Å resonance line were made up to 4.4 atm.
We report on Doppler-free laser spectroscopy in a Cs vapor cell using a dual-frequency laser system tuned on the Cs D1 line. Using counter-propagating beams with crossed linear polarizations, an original sign reversal of the usual saturated absorption dip and large increase in Doppler-free atomic absorption is observed. This phenomenon is explained by coherent population trapping (CPT) effects. The impact of laser intensity and light polarization on absorption profiles is reported in both single-frequency and dual-frequency regimes. In the latter, frequency stabilization of two diode lasers was performed, yielding a beat note fractional frequency stability at the level of 3×10−12 at 1 s averaging time. These performances are about an order of magnitude better than those obtained using a conventional single-frequency saturated absorption scheme.