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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Generation of twin Airy beams with a parametric amplifier

Dong Wei, Jun Liu, Ya Yu, Jinwen Wang, Hong Gao, Fuli Li

Published Oct 23, 2015• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We present the experimental generation of twin Airy beams with a phase insensitive parametric amplifier, which is based on a four-wave mixing process assisted by active Raman gain in a hot rubidium vapor cell. In our experiment, the seeded probe beam is an Airy beam which is amplified in this process, and an Airy conjugate beam is simultaneously generated. The self-healing property of the amplified probe and the generated conjugate beams are examined. The results are interesting for application of such beams in many fields such as quantum imaging and quantum information.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/48/24/245401

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Scientific Reports•Oct 14, 2015•35 citations
Abstract We present the experimental generation of twin Airy beams with a phase insensitive parametric amplifier, which is based on a four-wave mixing process assisted by active Raman gain in a hot rubidium vapor cell. In our experiment, the seeded probe beam is an Airy beam which is amplified in this process, and an Airy conjugate beam is simultaneously generated. The self-healing property of the amplified probe and the generated conjugate beams are examined. The results are interesting for application of such beams in many fields such as quantum imaging and quantum information.
We report on an experimental generation of Airy beams by four-wave mixing (FWM) in atomic vapor cells. This is achieved by using a non-degenerate FWM process, which occurs with two Gaussian pump beams and one Airy signal beam in hot Rubidium vapor. After satisfying the phase matching condition, a FWM field with the profile of an Airy beam can be generated. In our experiment, the diffraction-free and self-healing behaviors of the generated FWM beam are examined. The results shown that the generated FWM beam is an Airy beam. The nonlinear generation process can be extended to other configurations in the atomic medium, which will be useful for manipulation and application of Airy beams in atomic systems.
We demonstrate a new phase-matching geometry for four-wave mixing processes in hot Rb85 vapor, in which all four fields propagate in different directions but two of them are degenerate in frequency. When used as a parametric amplifier with an injected seed, two types of quantum mechanically correlated twin-beam states, either frequency degenerate or nondegenerate, can be generated. The quantum noise reduction in the intensity difference is almost 7 dB for the nondegenerate type and nearly 5 dB for the degenerate type. The spatial nondegeneracy of the four waves allows a variety of configurations of parametric processes, leading to flexible control for both phase insensitive and sensitive parametric amplification. The spatially nondegenerate but frequency degenerate four-wave mixing process will find wide applications in quantum metrology, quantum communication, and quantum information of continuous variables.
We have investigated experimentally and theoretically four-wave mixing (FWM) in hot potassium vapor as a medium for producing slow and store light. Two pump and a single probe photon were mixed in double-Λ system, characterized by parametric amplification of coupled co-propagating probe and conjugate beams. We have observed very high gains of probe and conjugate, up to 60 and 80 respectively, at two photon Raman resonance, under large one photon detuning, and high K-cell temperature. Using an amplifying medium to alleviate the absorption and distortion of propagating pulses are important for slow-light propagation. We observed ultraslow propagation of probe and conjugate pulses under conditions when parametric amplification of twin beams is well below their maximum values. A fractional delays of close to 5 at a gain ∼1.5, for the probe pulse of 20 ns, have been achieved simultaneously for both probe and accompanying conjugate pulse. FWM mixing process under conditions of the experiment results in broadening of twin beams, close to observed delays.
This paper investigates the potential of nonlinear processes in an inhomogeneously broadened atomic ensemble to generate an Airy beam in the mid-IR regime. We concentrate on a four-level 85 Rb atomic system that interacts nonlinearly with two strong control fields and a weak probe field. This interaction results in a non-degenerate four-wave mixing (FWM) signal at a wavelength of 5.23 µm, facilitating the transfer of Airy features from the probe field to the mid-IR FWM signal. Using computational methods, we numerically solve Maxwell’s wave equation in the paraxial limit, demonstrating the successful transfer of Airy beam-induced spatial inhomogeneity from atomic coherence to the generated mid-IR signal. We show the generation of a finite-energy mid-IR Airy beam through the nonlinear FWM process, with transverse intensity variations observed at different propagation lengths, offering enhanced visualization of the Airy beam’s evolution. The generation and manipulation of the Airy beam provides significant advantages for imaging, sensing, spectroscopy, and optical communications. Their self-healing properties and ability to preserve beam integrity over long distances enhance precision, resolution, and reliability, making them ideal for various mid-IR applications.
Using a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process based on a double-$\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ scheme in hot cesium vapor, we generate quantum correlated twin beams with a maximum intensity-difference squeezing of 6.5 dB. The substantially improved squeezing can be mainly attributed to very good frequency and phase-difference stability between the pump and probe beams in our experiment. Intensity-difference squeezing can be observed within a wide experimental parameter range, which guarantees its robust generation. Since this scheme produces multi-spatial-mode twin beams at the Cs D1{D}_{1}D1​ line, it is of interest for experiments involving quantum imaging and coherent interfaces between atomic and solid-state systems.
With a forward cone emitting from the strong pump laser in a thermal rubidium atomic vapor, we investigate the non-degenerate parametrically amplified four-wave mixing (PA-FWM) process with dressing effects in a three-level "double-Λ" configuration both theoretically and experimentally. By seeding a weak probe field into the Stokes or anti-Stokes channel of the FWM, the gain processes are generated in the bright twin beams which are called conjugate and probe beams, respectively. However, the strong dressing effect of the pump beam will dramatically affect the gain factors both in the probe and conjugate channels, and can inevitably impose an influence on the quantum effects such as entangled degree and the quantum noise reduction between the two channels. We systematically investigate the intensity evolution of the dressed gain processes by manipulating the atomic density, the Rabi frequency and the frequency detuning. Such dressing effects are also visually evidenced by the observation of Autler-Townes splitting of the gain peaks. The investigation can contribute to the development of quantum information processing and quantum communications.