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International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics

Electromagnetically induced transparency controlled by auxiliary wave via three-wave mixing

Toshihiro Nakanishi, Masao Kitano

Published Sep 1, 2015• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We introduce a metamaterial for realizing true electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in analogy to atomic EIT effect. In the metamaterial, two resonant modes oscillating at different resonant frequencies are coupled through three-wave mixing in the presence of an auxiliary wave, and sharp transparency attributed to EIT effect is induced. We experimentally demonstrate the EIT effect using the metamaterial loaded with nonlinear capacitors in microwave region.

DOI
10.1109/metamaterials.2015.7342582

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We introduce a metamaterial for realizing true electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in analogy to atomic EIT effect. In the metamaterial, two resonant modes oscillating at different resonant frequencies are coupled through three-wave mixing in the presence of an auxiliary wave, and sharp transparency attributed to EIT effect is induced. We experimentally demonstrate the EIT effect using the metamaterial loaded with nonlinear capacitors in microwave region.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been extensively investigated in atomic systems, to control transmission through optical components and the velocities of ``slow light'' packets. The authors realize EIT using a metamaterial that turns transparent with the incidence of an auxiliary electromagnetic wave, in the same manner as from the original, atomic EIT effect. This approach could lead to applications including the storage of electromagnetic waves (the ultimate slowing of light) across a wide frequency range for optical computing.
We investigate the storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves using a nonlinear metamaterial, analogous to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) observed in atomic systems. We experimentally demonstrate the storage of the electromagnetic wave by reducing an auxiliary “control” wave; the stored wave is then released by recovering the control wave. We also confirm that the metamaterial can store and reproduce the phase distribution of the original input wave. These effects confirm a remarkable analogy between the metamaterial and an atomic EIT medium.
We theoretically investigate the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) in a planar metamaterial at optical frequency, which originates from destructive and constructive interference between dark and radiative elements.The metamaterial consists of two coupled resonators with different geometries.An EIT-like transparent window with low absorption is observed and found to be strongly affected by resonant states of the resonators.The transition between the EIT and EIA is achieved by changing the split width and coupling distance.The absorption is enhanced up to 2.5 times compared with the dipolar case.The excitation of the dark mode is very important for EIT-and EIA-like responses of the proposed metamaterial.The EIT and EIA phenomena offer a potential method for manipulating electromagnetic response in metamaterial-based devices.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a promising technology for the enhancement of light-matter interactions, and recent demonstrations of the quantum EIT realized in artificial micro-structured medium have remarkably reduced the extreme requirement for experimental observation of EIT spectrum. In this paper, we propose to electrically control the EIT spectrum in a metamaterial for an electromagnetic modulator. A diode acting as a tunable resistor is loaded in the gap of two paired wires to inductively tune the magnetic resonance, which induces remarkable modulation on the EIT spectrum through the metamaterial sample. The experimental measurements confirmed that the prediction of electromagnetic modulation in three narrow bands on the EIT spectrum, and a modulation contrast of up to 31 dB was achieved on the transmission through the metamaterial. Our results may facilitate the study on active/dynamical technology in translational metamaterials, which connect extraordinary manipulations on the flow of light in metamaterials, e.g., the exotic EIT, and practical applications in industry.
Classic analog of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in metamaterials has been demonstrated extensively by its attractive potential applications in light storage, slow light and sensing. However, the counterpart of EIT, electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) has been studied rarely in coupled metamaterial systems. Here, we present the observation of the EIA effect in a vertically coupled three-resonator metamaterial. A well-defined absorption resonance is developed in the EIT window enabling a unique double-peak transparency, due to the magnetic resonance induced by the near-field coupling of the three resonators. The analog of EIA opens up a new route to advanced photonics devices.