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arXiv:1808.06595 · Applied Physics Letters

Storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves using electromagnetically induced transparency in a nonlinear metamaterial

Toshihiro Nakanishi, Masao Kitano

Published May 14, 2018• 41 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves using a nonlinear metamaterial, analogous to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) observed in atomic systems. We experimentally demonstrate the storage of the electromagnetic wave by reducing an auxiliary “control” wave; the stored wave is then released by recovering the control wave. We also confirm that the metamaterial can store and reproduce the phase distribution of the original input wave. These effects confirm a remarkable analogy between the metamaterial and an atomic EIT medium.

DOI
10.1063/1.5035442

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We investigate the storage and retrieval of electromagnetic waves using a nonlinear metamaterial, analogous to the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) observed in atomic systems. We experimentally demonstrate the storage of the electromagnetic wave by reducing an auxiliary “control” wave; the stored wave is then released by recovering the control wave. We also confirm that the metamaterial can store and reproduce the phase distribution of the original input wave. These effects confirm a remarkable analogy between the metamaterial and an atomic EIT medium.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been extensively investigated in atomic systems, to control transmission through optical components and the velocities of ``slow light'' packets. The authors realize EIT using a metamaterial that turns transparent with the incidence of an auxiliary electromagnetic wave, in the same manner as from the original, atomic EIT effect. This approach could lead to applications including the storage of electromagnetic waves (the ultimate slowing of light) across a wide frequency range for optical computing.
In the present paper we have discussed in detail electromagnetically induced transparency and signal storing in the case of one signal pulse propagating in a classical electric medium resembles this of four-level atoms in the tripod configuration. Our theoretical results confirm recently observed dependence of transparency windows position on coupling parameters. In the process of storing, the pulse energy is confined inside the metamaterial as electric charge oscillations, and after required time it is possible to switch the control fields on again and to release the trapped signal. By manipulating the driving fields, one can thus control the parameters of the released signal and even to divide it on demand into arbitrary parts.
The retrieve process of stored light field is important for quantum information, nonlinear optics, and quantum optics. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is one of the popular methods. In this paper we demonstrate the co-propagating and counter-propagating scheme of EIT retrieved in vapor 87Rb atomic cell. Result indicates that the retrieval efficiency depends on the spatial distribution of the atomic spin waves. Our experimental results may be useful to quantum information and nonlinear optics with vapor atomic ensemble.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a promising technology for the enhancement of light-matter interactions, and recent demonstrations of the quantum EIT realized in artificial micro-structured medium have remarkably reduced the extreme requirement for experimental observation of EIT spectrum. In this paper, we propose to electrically control the EIT spectrum in a metamaterial for an electromagnetic modulator. A diode acting as a tunable resistor is loaded in the gap of two paired wires to inductively tune the magnetic resonance, which induces remarkable modulation on the EIT spectrum through the metamaterial sample. The experimental measurements confirmed that the prediction of electromagnetic modulation in three narrow bands on the EIT spectrum, and a modulation contrast of up to 31 dB was achieved on the transmission through the metamaterial. Our results may facilitate the study on active/dynamical technology in translational metamaterials, which connect extraordinary manipulations on the flow of light in metamaterials, e.g., the exotic EIT, and practical applications in industry.