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Multiparty Secure Communication by Using Quantum Key Distribution Protocols

Kanchi Gopinath, B. J. Job

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

By using the order rearrangement of the single photon sequence and unitary transformations, a multiparty controlled quantum communication scheme for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection(CSMA/CD) is presented.In this scheme, messages can only be recovered by the receivers with the permission of all controllers.It is shown that the security of messages transformation can be ensured and the performance of the proposed scheme enhances significantly since the collision can be avoided. In the communication network, transmitting messages from source to destination may traverse several intermediate nodes. For a long period of time, multiple authentications and secure communications between the sender and the receiver are needed for us to transmit messages. In the classical field, authentication provides only conditional security and classical channel cannot provide secure communication for liar detection.In the quantum field, multiple quantum entanglement pairs can be used for liar detection, In this paper, we design quantum authentication protocol and secure communication protocol by only using quantum channel. these protocols previously share a quantum key distribution to detect the dishonest node. The quantum Key distribution can promote authentication and secure communication for achieving higher liar detection probability. Index Terms—single photon sequence, CSMA/CD, multiparty control, quantum communication 1.

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By using the order rearrangement of the single photon sequence and unitary transformations, a multiparty controlled quantum communication scheme for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection(CSMA/CD) is presented.In this scheme, messages can only be recovered by the receivers with the permission of all controllers.It is shown that the security of messages transformation can be ensured and the performance of the proposed scheme enhances significantly since the collision can be avoided. In the communication network, transmitting messages from source to destination may traverse several intermediate nodes. For a long period of time, multiple authentications and secure communications between the sender and the receiver are needed for us to transmit messages. In the classical field, authentication provides only conditional security and classical channel cannot provide secure communication for liar detection.In the quantum field, multiple quantum entanglement pairs can be used for liar detection, In this paper, we design quantum authentication protocol and secure communication protocol by only using quantum channel. these protocols previously share a quantum key distribution to detect the dishonest node. The quantum Key distribution can promote authentication and secure communication for achieving higher liar detection probability. Index Terms—single photon sequence, CSMA/CD, multiparty control, quantum communication 1.
In the communication network, transmitting messages from source to destination may traverse several intermediate nodes. For a long period of time, multiple authentications and secure communications between the sender and the receiver are needed for us to transmit messages. In the classical field, authentication provides only conditional security and classical channel can not provide secure communication for liar detection. In the quantum field, multiple quantum entanglement pairs can be used for liar detection. In this paper, we design quantum authentication protocol and secure communication protocol by only using quantum channel. These protocols previously share a quantum key distribution to detect the dishonest node. The quantum key distribution can promote authentication and secure communication for achieving higher liar detection probability.
Based on the order rearrangement of single photon sequence, we present a multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol. The present protocol can be applied to some special scenario. In the protocol, the sender's secret message can only be recovered by the receiver under the permission of all the controllers. The security for the protocol is ensured by the quantum no-cloning theorem and the secret transmitting order of the single photon sequence. Moreover, all photons are used to encode the secret message except those chosen for eavesdropping check and it is unnecessary for the protocol to use entanglement. Our protocol is efficient and practicable.
This article proposes a potential application of quantum key distribution in multiuser networks. In modern networks, variety of multiple access technologies are used for multiuser access purposes. In this article, we focus on a type of widely used media access control protocol—carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA) and analyze the use of carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) for the quantum key distribution in the network. The quantum key generation is based on a successful experiment that implemented the quantum key distribution by using the decoy-state method. The secret key generation rate as the main indicator of the performance is given, including the relationship between it and the number of stations in the network, and the relationship between the key generation rate and the transmission distance under the multiple access condition as well. In addition, a multiple access quantum key distribution with channel detection protocol is also proposed.
A multiparty controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol is proposed based on EPR pair and entanglement swapping. The legitimate identities of communicating parties are encoded to Bell states which act as a detection sequence. Secret messages are transmitted by using the classical XOR operation, which serves as a one-time-pad. No photon with secret information transmits in the quantum channel. Compared with the protocols proposed by Wang et al. [Acta Phys. Sin. 56 (2007) 673; Opt. Commun. 266 (2006) 732 ], the protocol in this study implements bidirectional communication and authentication, which defends most attacks including the 'man-in-the-middle' attack efficiently.
We present a multiparty controlled quantum secure direct communication protocol with the nonmaximal entangled state.The communication parties utilize decoy photons to check eavesdropping.The sender encodes the secret message on the different two particle states directly,controllers carry one united operation on the one of the particle sequence random,the receiver only can recover the secret message under the permission of all the controllers. It is the nonmaximal entangled channel and not easy to be influenced,the protocol is can be realized with existing technique for the two particles state is easy to prepared,all particles are used to transmit secret message,the qubit efficiency is high.
In the wireless communication network, transmitting messages from sender to receiver may traverse several intermediate nodes. Any eavesdropper can attack in the communication channel, and any malicious intermediate node can act as receiver to intercept the message. The secure routing path must solve channel attacks and attacks in the malicious node. In the classical field, the solution of the channel attacks is conditional security and we can not provide secure communication in the routing path from sender to receiver. In the quantum field, the security of the authentication protocol is based on the laws of nature, including no-cloning theorem and quantum teleportation. According to the property of no-cloning theorem and quantum teleportation, we can use the shared quantum entangled particles between communicators for liar detection problem. In the quantum cryptography, the security of the authentication protocol is unconditional security. This paper designs the two-way secure communication protocol, which can set up the secure routing path from sender to receiver. The two-way secure communication protocol includes the sender oriented checking and the receiver oriented checking. By using quantum sharing table, these checking schemes investigate whether the routing path is secure or not. In the beginning, the sender and receiver pre-share a quantum sharing table to detect all the dishonest nodes. The quantum sharing table acts as a quantum key distribution which can not be stolen by any Eve.