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European Conference on Optical Communication

Gigahertz clocked quantum key distribution system using FPGA

Toshimori Honjo

Published Oct 16, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

An implementation of 1-GHz clocked differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution system is reported. High speed signal generation and its storage were realized by using FPGA. A stable operation was demonstrated for over a 1-hour

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A high speed physical random bit generator is applied for the first time to a gigahertz clocked quantum key distribution system. Random phase-modulation in a differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution (DPS-QKD) system is performed using a 1-Gbps random bit signal which is generated by a physical random bit generator with chaotic semiconductor lasers. Stable operation is demonstrated for over one hour, and sifted keys are successfully generated at a rate of 9.0 kbps with a quantum bit error rate of 3.2% after 25-km fiber transmission.
Security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) systems usually assume that the users have access to source of perfect randomness. State-of-the-art QKD systems run at frequencies in the gigahertz range, requiring a sustained gigahertz rate of generation and acquisition of quantum random numbers. In this paper, we demonstrate such a high-speed random number generator. The entropy source is based on an amplified spontaneous emission from an erbium-doped fibre, which is directly acquired using a standard small form-factor pluggable module. The module connects to the field programmable gate array (FPGA) of a QKD system. A real-time randomness extractor is implemented in the FPGA, and achieves a sustained rate of 1.25 Gb/s of provably random bits.
This paper reports the first quantum key distribution experiment implemented with a 10-GHz clock frequency. We used a 10-GHz actively mode-locked fiber laser as a source of short coherent pulses and single photon detectors based on frequency up-conversion in periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides. The use of short pulses and low-jitter upconversion detectors significantly reduced the bit errors caused by detector dark counts even after long-distance transmission of a weak coherent state pulse. We employed the differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol, and generated sifted keys at a rate of 3.7 kbit/s over a 105 km fiber with a bit error rate of 9.7%.
This paper describes progress in gigahertz-clocked quantum key distribution systems. It details current advances in both point-to-point and network applications. We will discuss possibilities for practical quantum key distribution using single-photon sources, and discuss the experimental system performance of GHz-clocked quantum key distribution systems focusing on issues of quantum bit error rate, net bit rate and transmission distance with different detector structures, concentrating on single-photon avalanche diode detectors, but also examining superconducting nanowire-based structures. The quantum key distribution system is designed to be environmentally robust and an examination of long-term system operation will be presented.
This paper describes progress in gigahertz-clocked quantum key distribution systems. It details current advances in both point-to-point and network applications. We will discuss possibilities for practical quantum key distribution using single-photon sources, and discuss the experimental system performance of GHz-clocked quantum key distribution systems focusing on issues of quantum bit error rate, net bit rate and transmission distance with different detector structures, concentrating on single-photon avalanche diode detectors, but also examining superconducting nanowire-based structures. The quantum key distribution system is designed to be environmentally robust and an examination of long-term system operation will be presented.