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Chinese Physics Letters

SUSY QM in a One-Dimensional Box and Local Observable Quantities

Salvatore De Vincenzo

Published Jul 21, 2006• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate several Hamiltonians for a free particle in a one-dimensional box, in the context of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Specifically, we study this problem with the Neumann boundary condition, the periodic and antiperiodic boundary condition, and some mixed and complex boundary conditions. This is achieved by using an approach recently proposed which expresses the factorization of the partner Hamiltonians in terms of the probability density and current for the ground-state eigenfunction of one of them.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/23/8/003

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We investigate several Hamiltonians for a free particle in a one-dimensional box, in the context of supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Specifically, we study this problem with the Neumann boundary condition, the periodic and antiperiodic boundary condition, and some mixed and complex boundary conditions. This is achieved by using an approach recently proposed which expresses the factorization of the partner Hamiltonians in terms of the probability density and current for the ground-state eigenfunction of one of them.
Some physical restrictions and their influences on the boundary conditions for a particle in a one-dimensional box are pointed out. We discuss the invariance of the corresponding Hamiltonian under time-reversal T ̂ and its relation with the de-generacy of the energy eigenvalues. We also discuss the effect on the boundary conditions of requiring the invariance of the Hamiltonian under parity P ̂ and si-multaneous space and time reflection P ̂ T ̂. A condition, which depends only on the boundary values of an eigenfunction of the Hamiltonian and its derivative, deter-mines if the corresponding eigenvalue satisfies the inequality E> V (x) = const, V (x) being the potential inside the box. Once these results have been presented, we choose various representative analytically solvable examples of boundary conditions (Hamiltonians) and supersymmetrize the corresponding problems. We find real and complex valued supersymmetric partner potentials among all these systems.
This undergraduate thesis contains one dimensional introductory treatment of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics (SUSY QM). The factorisation method is used to obtain Partner Hamiltonians, and the notions of partner potentials and superpotential are introduced. It demonstrated how energy spectra and eigenfunctions of partner potentials can be correlated for the cases of unbroken and broken supersymmetry. Generalisations of these cases attributed to Sets of Hamiltonians and shape invariant potentials are introduced. The devel oped formalisation is used to obtain energy eigenfunctions and spectra of partner potentials of some well-known quantum systems, namely the Infinite Square Well and the Free Particle. In these systems, the partner potentials are trigonometric and hyperbolic functions, respectively. A comparison of these two physically distinct but mathematically related partner potentials is provided. A new philosophical interpretation of SUSY QM is introduced, with an ontological discussion of supersymmetric notions and SUSY QM. The current observation problem of SUSY is discussed, and on that basis, two opposing arguments are presented. The method of Falsification by Karl Popper is briefly introduced, and an argument is produced regarding its application to SUSY.
We extend the standard intertwining relations used in supersymmetrical (SUSY) quantum mechanics which involve real superpotentials to complex superpotentials. This allows us to deal with a large class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and to study in general the isospectrality between complex potentials. In very specific cases we can construct in a natural way "quasicomplex" potentials which we define as complex potentials having a global property so as to lead to a Hamiltonian with real spectrum. We also obtained a class of complex transparent potentials whose Hamiltonian can be intertwined to a free Hamiltonian. We provide a variety of examples both for the radial problem (half axis) and for the standard one-dimensional problem (the whole axis), including remarks concerning scattering problems.
Supersymmetry (SUSY) postulates that for every fermion there is boson of equal mass (i.e. energy). In quantum mechanics this comes about because for every quantum Hamiltonian there is a partner Hamiltonian that has the same energy spectrum above the ground state of the original system. In particle physics, one “sector” is populated by bosons and the other sector by fermions and SUSY predicts that the lowest lying fermion state is energetically degenerate with the first excited boson state. Evidence for SUSY has proven to be elusive and it is now believed that SUSY is a broken symmetry. In January 2009 at a conference dedicated to Bob Wyatt, we began to look at SUSY as a way to develop new computational methods and approaches. Up until now, SUSY has been more of a mathematical technique that has been used more or less as a way to obtain stationary solutions to the Schrödinger equation for a variety of T&F Cat # K11224, Chapter 4, Page 54, 15-9-2010 one-dimensional potential systems. In this chapter, we will discuss some of the work we have been doing in developing “SUSY” inspired methods for performing quantum many-body calculations and quantum scattering calculations. We begin with a brief overview of the SUSY theory and some of its elementary results. We then discuss how we have used the approach to develop both analytical and numerical solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equation. Finally, we conclude by discussing our recent extension of SUSY to higher dimensions and for scattering theory.