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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Low distortion pulse delay using SBS slow- and fast-light propagation in cascaded optical fibers

Yangjing Wu, Li Zhan, Yueyao Wang, Shuai Luo, Y. X. Xia

Published Oct 6, 2011• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We show in theory that SBS slow- and fast-light can propagate in a cascaded system without group-velocity-dispersion (GVD) broadening and low gain broadening by use of dispersion compensation. The two GVD parameters in the normal and anomalous dispersion regions can be modulated to counteract so that we can get a zero-GVD-broadening pulse by using two broadband pumps with different powers and spectral widths. Using the method of dispersion compensation, the third-order dispersion (TOD) effect can also be canceled out simultaneously. Besides, the pulse compression occurs in the anomalous dispersion region, which contributes a low gain-broadening pulse. Therefore, this method could have the potential for different pump beam spectra.

DOI
10.1364/josab.28.002605

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We show in theory that SBS slow- and fast-light can propagate in a cascaded system without group-velocity-dispersion (GVD) broadening and low gain broadening by use of dispersion compensation. The two GVD parameters in the normal and anomalous dispersion regions can be modulated to counteract so that we can get a zero-GVD-broadening pulse by using two broadband pumps with different powers and spectral widths. Using the method of dispersion compensation, the third-order dispersion (TOD) effect can also be canceled out simultaneously. Besides, the pulse compression occurs in the anomalous dispersion region, which contributes a low gain-broadening pulse. Therefore, this method could have the potential for different pump beam spectra.
A theoretical model for quantifying the pulse distortion introduced by the stimulated-Brillouin-scattering (SBS)-induced (equivalent) dispersion in a linear Brillouin slow-light system is presented. Based on this model, a linear Brillouin slow-light system employing fast-light propagation for dispersion compensation is analyzed. The results show that the elimination of gain-nonuniformity-induced equivalent group-velocity dispersion can be achieved with the sacrifice of introducing much larger high-order (equivalent) dispersion effects. It is also shown that the simultaneous cancellation of gain-nonuniformity-induced equivalent group-velocity dispersion and third-order dispersion as presented in a recent article is impossible.
A new method of tailoring stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) gain spectrum for slow light propagation is proposed by use of two Gaussian-shaped broadband pump beams with different powers and spectral widths. The central frequency interval between the two pump beams are carefully set to be two inherent Brillouin frequency shift, ensuring that the gain spectrum of one pump has the same central frequency with the loss spectrum of the other one. Different gain profiles are obtained and analyzed. Among them a special gain profile is found that ensures a zero-broadening of the signal pulse independent of the Brillouin gain. This is owing to the compensation between the positive gain-dependent broadening and the negative GVD (group velocity dispersion) dependent broadening. The relationship of two pump beams is also found for constructing such a gain profile. It provides us a new idea of managing the broadening of SBS-based slow pulse by artificially constructing and optimizing the profile of gain spectrum.
We propose a method of effectively extending the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) gain bandwidth in a single-mode optical fiber to reduce group-velocity-dispersion (GVD)-dependent pulse spread of SBS slow light. This can be done by overlapping doublet SBS gain spectra synthesized from a single pump laser. Numerical calculations are performed to verify our proposed method. We find that there exists the optimum spectral separation between two center frequencies of the doublet SBS gain spectrum with respect to the inherent spectral width of the pump laser, which makes it possible to effectively reduce the signal pulse broadening due to GVD. We show that the maximum time delay of the amplified signal pulse can be approximately two times longer than that by a previously reported method using a single broadband pump laser.
To change the group velocity of optical signals has a lot of possible applications in telecommunications, sensing, nonlinear optics and so on. Especially the exploitation of the effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers is of special interest since it just requires standard telecom equipment and low to moderate optical power. However, each delay in one single, low-gain SBS based slow-light system is accompanied by pulse broadening. This is a result of the inherent Kramers-Kronig relations between the gain, the phase-change and the accompanied group velocity. For an ideal flat gain the phase-change is non-ideal, and for an ideal phase-change the gain curve leads to a broadening. Furthermore, if the gain bandwidth is broadened in order to adapt it to the signal, the delay will be reduced. Thus, for one single low-gain slow-light system the broadening can be reduced by several methods but it cannot be zero. Here we will show how a zero-broadening SBS based slow-light system can be achieved by two different methods. The basic idea is a reshaping of the original pulse by an adapted gain in a second stage. This adaptation is achieved by the superposition of two Gaussian gain profiles or by a single saturated gain. As will be shown, these systems show an almost ideal over-all gain and phase function over the bandwidth of the pulses. Thus, SBS based slow-light with a delaybandwidth product of more than 1 bit and zero distortion is possible.
The manipulation of the group velocity of optical signals (slow and fast light) has many possible applications in telecommunications, sensing, nonlinear optics, and so on. The exploitation of the effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is of special interest for the alteration of the group velocity in optical fibers, since it just requires standard telecom equipment and low-to-moderate optical power. However, each delay in one single, low-gain SBS-based slow-light system is accompanied by a pulse broadening. This is a result of the inherent Kramers–Kronig relations among the gain, the phase change, and the accompanied group velocity. For an ideal flat gain, the phase change is nonideal, and for an ideal phase change the gain curve leads to a broadening. Furthermore, if the gain bandwidth is adapted to the signal by broadening, the delay will be reduced. Thus the signal broadening can be reduced by several methods for one single low-gain slow-light system, but it cannot be zero. Here, we will show how a zero-broadening SBS-based slow light can be achieved with several methods. The basic idea is a reshaping of the original pulse in a second stage by saturation of the SBS system, or by the superposition of two gains. As will be shown, all of these systems show an almost ideal overall gain and phase function over the bandwidth of the pulses. Thus, SBS-based slow light with a delay bandwidth product of 1 bit and zero distortion is possible.
We analyse the stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） slow light using double broadband pumps in a single mode fiber. A new SBS gain spectrum tailoring method is proposed using two Gaussian-shaped broadband pumps with different powers and spectral widths, and the central frequency interval of them is carefully set at two Brillouin frequency shifts to make sure that the gain of one pump has the same center with the loss of the other. The top of the gain spectrum of the strong pump beam can be counteracted by the loss spectrum of the weak pump beam to construct a flat top gain spectrum. We give the optimized conditions of the laser powers and spectral widths between two broadband pumps to obtain a flat gain. Distortions of signal pulse under this flat top gain are studied and compared with that obtained using a single broadband pump. We find that the flat top gain profile can effectively reduce the pulse distortions.