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The European Physical Journal Plus

Dynamics and noise correlations in the expansion of one-dimensional anyon gases from a regular array

Yan Li

Published May 30, 2015• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1140/epjp/i2015-15101-x

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We consider the one-dimensional expansion of a system of interacting bosons, starting from a regular array. Without interactions the familiar Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect for bosons gives rise to a series of peaks in the density-density correlations of the expanded system. Infinitely repulsive particles likewise give a series of dips, a signature of the underlying description in terms of free fermions. In the intermediate case of finite interaction, the noise correlations consist of a set of Fano resonance lineshapes, with an asymmetry parameter determined by the scattering phase shift of a pair of particles and a width depending on the initial momentum spread of the particles.
Anyons with arbitrary exchange phases exist on 1D lattices in ultracold gases. Yet, known continuum theories in 1D do not match. We derive the continuum limit of 1D lattice anyons via interacting bosons. The theory maintains the exchange phase periodicity fully analogous to 2D anyons. This provides a mapping between experiments, lattice anyons, and continuum theories, including Kundu anyons with a natural regularization as a special case. We numerically estimate the Luttinger parameter as a function of the exchange angle to characterize long-range signatures of the theory and predict different velocities for left- and right-moving collective excitations.
We theoretically investigate the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of irregular one- and two-dimensional arrays of Rydberg dipoles featuring spatially anisotropic interactions. Starting from a collectively polarized initial state, we map out the dynamical phase diagram and identify a crossover between regimes of regular and anomalously slow relaxation of the initial collective order that strongly depends on both the degree of interaction disorder and anisotropy. In addition, we find that the regime of slow relaxation is characterized by a subballistic propagation of correlations that remained confined to short distances even at long times. To explain our findings we develop an analytic model based on decoupled clusters of interacting dipoles that goes beyond prior theoretical works and enables us to identify multiple relaxation timescales. Our findings can be relevant for a wide variety of quantum science platforms naturally featuring disordered dipolar interactions, including polar molecules, frozen Rydberg gases, and nitrogen-vacancy centers.