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IEEE Communications Letters

Maximal Ratio Diversity Combining Enhanced Security

Fangming He, Hong Man, Wei Wang

Published Mar 29, 2011• 120 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we present a method of utilizing channel diversity to increase secrecy capacity in wireless communication. With the presence of channel diversity, an intended receiver can achieve a relatively high secrecy capacity even at low SNRs. We present a theoretical analysis on the outage probability at a normalized target secrecy capacity in Rayleigh fading environment. Our numerical results strongly support our conclusion that maximal ratio combining of channel diversity can enhance the security of the wireless communication system in normal operating scenarios.

DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2011.030911.102343

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In this paper, we present a method of utilizing channel diversity to increase secrecy capacity in wireless communication. With the presence of channel diversity, an intended receiver can achieve a relatively high secrecy capacity even at low SNRs. We present a theoretical analysis on the outage probability at a normalized target secrecy capacity in Rayleigh fading environment. Our numerical results strongly support our conclusion that maximal ratio combining of channel diversity can enhance the security of the wireless communication system in normal operating scenarios.
This paper presents a method of increasing the secrecy capactty utilizing the channel diversity technique in wireless communication. In general, a relatively higher secrecy capactty can be achieved at the intended receiver by deploying channel diversity to mitigate the effect of low signal to noise ratio. In this analysis, the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper are assumed to employ maximal ratio combining diversity technique to combine the received signals coming from the transmitter. Considering Nakagami-m wireless fading channels, dosed-form expressions for the secrecy outage probability and the probability of secrecy capacity are derived, which can be used as quality of service metrics. The numerical result confirms that the security of any wireless network model or communication system at a common operating system can be improved by using maximal ratio combining diversity technique as expected.
The impact of both maximal ratio combining (MRC) and relay selection on the physical layer security in wireless communication systems is studied by analyzing some important factors, including the probability characteristic of the legitimate receiver (Bob) and malicious eavesdropper (Eve)'s end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the secrecy outage probability, and the average secrecy channel capacity over Rayleigh fading Channel. We assume that Bob receives its data from both the relay and the source by cooperative communication, provided that MRC is employed at the receiver. Compared to the conventional MRC methods, a higher spatial diversity order can be exploited by performing relay selection in the proposed method, as validated via both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The theoretical closed-form expressions for some figures of merit, e.g., the secrecy outage probability and the average secrecy capacity, are all consistent with the numerical results.
In this correspondence, we consider a confidential communication through slow non-selective correlated Rayleigh fading channel, where a single antenna transmitter communicates at a pre-decided constant rate with a legitimate receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. Both the legitimate receiver and eavesdropper are equipped with multiple antennas and employ maximal ratio combining (MRC) reception scheme. With the presence of channel diversity, we find the closed-form expressions for the probability of non-zero secrecy capacity and the outage probability of secrecy capacity in terms of channel parameters such as correlation coefficient and the ratio of main and eavesdropper channel gains that will be called average channel gain ratio (CGR). The analysis of secure outage performance with the MRC diversity scheme tells how the channel diversity enhances the secrecy capacity. We quantify the effect of antenna correlation on the probability of positive secrecy capacity and the secure outage probability. We also investigate how the target secrecy rate influences the effect of antenna correlation on the secure outage probability. Moreover, as a result of obtaining the closed-form expressions for the probability of positive secrecy capacity and the outage probability, it is insightful to see how the channel parameters affect the secure outage performance of the correlated channels.
Growing need for secure wireless communication in networks like Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, and future 6G has raised concerns about efficient ways to ensure security. Cryptography techniques are considered to be efficient from the standpoint of providing security; however, they are also limited in computational complexity, energy consumption, and key management. In order to overcome the above-mentioned issue, it is possible to employ Physical Layer Security (PLS). Using unique characteristics of wireless communication channel, it is possible to enhance the confidentiality of the process. The current research paper analyzes the PLS approach for investigation of partial secrecy in case wireless channel operates under such fading distributions as Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami-m. The diversity-based approach for enhancing physical layer security is employed through use of such diversity types as Selection Combining (SC), Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC), and Cooperative Diversity. Analysis of performance of such a system is performed with the help of MATLAB simulations using the following parameters: Secrecy Capacity, Generalized Secrecy Outage Probability (GSOP), Average Information Leakage Rate (AILR), Average Fractional Equivocation (AFE), and Secrecy Throughput. The results of simulations demonstrate the advantage of diversity approach with respect to ensuring secure wireless communications at different SNR values. Among all kinds of diversity, MRC performs better than others due to its efficient signal combining capability.
The diversity scheme has been used recently to improve the reliability of the massage signal by using two or more communication channels depending on many characteristics. Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) is one of the diversity combining methods by which the signals from each channel are added together and the gain of each channel is made to proportionate to the root mean square signal level. In this paper a diversity technique is proposed to increase the secure capacity over wireless fading channels. The legitimate user (Bob) takes on MRC to maximize the probability of secure transmission, whereas eavesdropper takes on MRC to maximize the probability of successful eavesdropping. We assume that Bob and Eve follow different fading channels, Rayleigh and Nakagami-m, respectively. Depending on these assumptions, closed-form expression for secrecy outage probability is derived.
This paper is concerned with the study of confidential communication through independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and evenly correlated Rayleigh fading channels, where a single antenna transmitter communicates with the corresponding receiver in the presence of an eavesdropper. Both the receiver and eavesdropper are equipped with multiple antennas and employ diversity combining receptions such as maximal ratio combining (MRC) and selection combining (SC) diversities. In the presence of channel diversity, we derive the upper and lower bounds on the secrecy capacity with full channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. The closed-form expression for the upper bound is also derived at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime. The analysis of upper bound with the diversity combining techniques tells how the channel diversity enhances secrecy capacity. Moreover, as a result of deriving the expression in a closed-form, it is insightful to see, how the channel parameters such as correlation coefficient and the ratio of main and eavesdropper channel gains that will be called average channel gain ratio (CGR) affect the secrecy capacity.