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Modern Physics Letters B

PREPARATION AND MANIPULATION OF MODE-LOCKED TWO-PHOTON STATE

Y. J. Lu, F. HUANG, Z. Y. Ou

Published Mar 20, 2005• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The article describes the quantum properties of mode-locked two-photon state generated through either a Fabry–Perot cavity or a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator. It is shown that the time correlation function of such a state exhibits a comb-like structure. Different approaches to observe this comb-like feature are thoroughly discussed. The experiment demonstrates several different quantum interference effects with a mode-locked two-photon state. An analysis of the experiment leads to a new control technique of two-photon interference and to a better understanding of time-entangled two-photon state. A novel quantum information coding is predicted if such a state is mixed with a single-mode wide band two-photon state.

DOI
10.1142/s0217984905008360

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The article describes the quantum properties of mode-locked two-photon state generated through either a Fabry–Perot cavity or a sub-threshold optical parametric oscillator. It is shown that the time correlation function of such a state exhibits a comb-like structure. Different approaches to observe this comb-like feature are thoroughly discussed. The experiment demonstrates several different quantum interference effects with a mode-locked two-photon state. An analysis of the experiment leads to a new control technique of two-photon interference and to a better understanding of time-entangled two-photon state. A novel quantum information coding is predicted if such a state is mixed with a single-mode wide band two-photon state.
Application of quantum sources in communication and information processing are believed to bring a new revolution to the on-going information age. The generation of applicable quantum sources such as single photon state and two-photon state, appears to be one of the most difficult in experimental quantum optics. Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (PDC) is known to generate two-photon state, but bandwidth problem makes it less applicable in quantum information processing. The aim of this work is to generate a narrow band two-photon state and apply it to quantum information processing. We start by developing a cavity enhanced PDC device to narrow the bandwidth of the two-photon state. Direct measurement of the bandwidth of the generated state has been made and the quantum theory of such a device has been investigated. An application of this narrow band two-photon state is to generate anti-bunched photons for quantum cryptography, based on the quantum interference between the two-photon state and a coherent state. The feasibility of this scheme for pulsed pump is also investigated. When applying the concept of mode locking in lasers to a two-photon state, we have mode-locked two-photon state which exhibits a comb-like correlation function and may be used for engineering of quantum states in time domain. Other applications such as demonstration of single photon nonlocality, nonlinear sign gate in quantum computation, and direct measurement of quantum beating, will also be addressed.
We explore in detail the possibility of generation of continuous-variable (CV) entangled states of light fields with well-localized phases. We show that such quantum states, called entangled self-phase locked states, can be generated in nondegenerate optical parametric oscillator (NOPO) based on a type-II phase-matched down-conversion combined with polarization mixer in a cavity. A quantum theory of this device, recently realized in the experiment, is developed for both sub-threshold and above-threshold operational regimes. We show that the system providing relative phase coherence between two generated modes also exhibits different types of quantum correlations between photon numbers and phases of these modes. We quantify the entanglement as two-mode squeezing and show that CV entanglement is realized for both unitary, non-dissipative dynamics and for dissipative NOPO in the entire range of pump field intensities.
We present a new scheme to generate high dimensional entanglement between two photonic systems. The idea is based on parametric down conversion with a sequence of pump pulses generated by a mode-locked laser. We prove experimentally the feasibility of this scheme by performing a Franson-type Bell test using a 2-way interferometer with path-length difference equal to the distance between 2 pump pulses. With this experiment, we can demonstrate entanglement for a two-photon state of at least dimension D=11. Finally, we propose a feasible experiment to show a Fabry-Perot like effect for a high dimensional two-photon state.