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Journal of Physics B Atomic and Molecular Physics

Population trapping and dispersion in a three-level system

PAUL M. RADMORE, P. L. Knight

Published Feb 28, 1982• 243 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The population dynamics and spectra of a three-level system driven by two applied fields of arbitrary amplitudes and detunings are examined using dressed-state techniques. The authors report the existence of novel dispersive features in the variation with detuning of the intermediate-state population.
DOI
10.1088/0022-3700/15/4/009

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For a 3-level atom in the "V-configuration" (two excited states |1> and |2> each dipole-coupled to a common ground state |g>) interacting with a quantized field, we have found a set of initial atomic state amplitudes for which the usual time-dependent oscillations collapses, and revivals vanish. Preparing the atom initially in this special way forces the atomic population to remain coherently trapped in this configuration. The dressed-state energy of this particular linear combination of bare-atom states is zero, so that eiEt= 1 and the population remains constant in time - as long as the applied field remains on.
We investigate the structure of the dispersion and absorption lineshapes for driven two-level systems against a weak probing laser field. It is shown that the shape of both curves depends critically on the detuning of the driving laser to the atomic resonance frequency and can be transformed continuously and oppositely between Rayleigh (or ‘dispersion-like’) and Lorentzian (or ‘absorption-like’) lineshapes. An analysis in the dressed state basis explains these features via the different influences of coherences and populations of the corresponding dressed states.