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IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics

Four-wave parametric interaction in potassium vapor

Oscar J. Lumpkin

Published Apr 1, 1968• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two simultaneous laser pulses incident on a cell of potassium vapor at 350°C generate an intense (1-kW) beam of violet light at about 4000 Å. The incident pulses are a 2-MW ruby beam and a 300-kW ruby-generated Stokes beam nearly resonant with the potassium 4P3/2- 4S1/2transition. A simplified theory is presented which treats the problem as a four-wave parametric interaction, and accounts for such experimental details as the doublet stucture of the violet light and the fact that the components of the doublet have different intensities.

DOI
10.1109/jqe.1968.1075076

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Two simultaneous laser pulses incident on a cell of potassium vapor at 350°C generate an intense (1-kW) beam of violet light at about 4000 Å. The incident pulses are a 2-MW ruby beam and a 300-kW ruby-generated Stokes beam nearly resonant with the potassium 4P3/2- 4S1/2transition. A simplified theory is presented which treats the problem as a four-wave parametric interaction, and accounts for such experimental details as the doublet stucture of the violet light and the fact that the components of the doublet have different intensities.
Energy transfer between two laser beams of comparable intensity due to their nonlinear interactions in an atomic vapor was investigated. Strong coupling occurs due to stimulated Rayleigh scattering when the frequencies of the two waves differ by the inverse of the excited-state lifetime. The energy transfer between two nearly equal energy pulses from an alexandrite laser tuned near the 4/sup 2/S/sub 1/2/ to 4/sup 2/P/sub 3/2/ transition of potassium vapor was measured. It was found that as much as 85% of the total incident energy was contained in one of the output beams.>
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Potassium 4S1/2 - 6S1/2 two-photon excitation initiates the emission of several internally generated photons. For the first time two emission lines one close and one below the potassium 4P3/2 level are reported. Radiation emitted below the 4P3/2 - 4S1/2 level is due to a Parametric Four Wave Mixing (PFWM) process initiated by the internally generated radiation from 5P3/2 - 4S1/2 level. The line emitted close to the 4P3/2 level is produced by a two-step Four Wave Mixing (FWM) process. Direct one photon driving of 4S3/2 - 4P3/2 transition produces similar to HEP radiation.
Abstract\nWe investigate the emissions of atomic potassium excited by two photons near the 4S1/2-6S1/2 transition. Radiation near the 6S1/2-4P3/2, 1/2 and 4P3/2, 1/2-4S1/2 transitions are studied for the unidirectional and the bidirectional cases respectively. It is shown that the total output intensity increases considerably for the bidirectional propagation. This is attributed to the effective increase of the Doppler free excitation and the cancellation of the quantum interference effect that is associated with the multiple paths of excitation of certain states. Keywords. Counter-propagating beams, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), stimulated hyper Raman scattering (SHRS), parametric four-wave mixing (PFWM).
In this paper, we investigated the coherent degenerate and nondegenerate four-wave interaction in the propagation of a femtosecond laser pulse in atomic rubidium vapor. In the case of degenerate four-wave interaction, the mechanism for optical switching in an optically dense resonant medium is considered. The third-order nonlinear interaction of the laser beams intersecting in the cell at a small angle leads to a nonlinear response in the form of a fourth beam, which occurs as a result of the interaction between the two pump beams and the third signal laser beam.