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Frontiers in Optics

Observation and applications of induced transparency in the whispering-gallery spectrum of coupled microresonators

Ahmer Naweed, George Farca, Siyka I. Shopova, Albert T. Rosenberger

Published Jan 1, 2003• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The microcavity analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been observed using coupled fused-silica microspheres, in both numerical models and experiments. By controlling experimental parameters, EIT-like effects can be enhanced; e.g., the splitting of a mode can be increased substantially. These effects can increase the efficiency of microsensors and microlasers.

DOI
10.1364/fio.2003.mh6

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Optical behavior analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption is observed in experiments using coupled fused-silica microspheres. This behavior results from interference between coresonant whispering-gallery modes of the two spheres. Coupled-resonator-induced transparency and absorption are observed. Which effect is seen depends on the strength of coupling of incident light from a tapered fiber into the first sphere and on the strength of coupling between the two spheres. The observed effects can enhance microresonator performance in various applications.

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IEEE photonics journal•Feb 15, 2022•3 citations
The microcavity analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) has been observed using coupled fused-silica microspheres, in both numerical models and experiments. By controlling experimental parameters, EIT-like effects can be enhanced; e.g., the splitting of a mode can be increased substantially. These effects can increase the efficiency of microsensors and microlasers.
Optical behavior analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption is observed in experiments using coupled fused-silica microspheres. This behavior results from interference between coresonant whispering-gallery modes of the two spheres. Coupled-resonator-induced transparency and absorption are observed. Which effect is seen depends on the strength of coupling of incident light from a tapered fiber into the first sphere and on the strength of coupling between the two spheres. The observed effects can enhance microresonator performance in various applications.
The throughput of a single fiber-coupled whispering-gallery microresonator, such as a fused-silica microsphere, can exhibit behavior analogous to electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption (EIT, EIA). These effects enable slow and fast light, respectively, in the form of pulse delay or advancement. Two different methods can be used to realize this behavior; in both methods, the key feature is the use of two coresonant orthogonally polarized whisperinggallery modes of very different quality factor (Q). The first method relies on intracavity cross-polarization coupling when only one mode is driven, and the second method uses a simple superposition of orthogonal throughputs (in the absence of intracavity cross-polarization mode coupling) when the two modes are simultaneously driven. We refer to the behavior observed using the first method as coupled-mode induced transparency and absorption (CMIT, CMIA), and the behavior of the second method as coresonant polarization induced transparency and absorption (CPIT, CPIA). In both cases, polarization-sensitive detection of the throughput is used, and the EIT/EIA analog features are observed on the same polarization component as that of the linearly polarized input. Some predictions of a numerical model of these processes are presented here. In addition to a discussion of these predictions, which assume conditions accessible to experiment, some experimental results are briefly described.
The optical analogs of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) have attracted vast attention recently. The generation and manipulation of EIT in microcavities have sparked research in both fundamental physics and photonic applications, including light storage, slow light propagation, and optical communication. In this Letter, the generation and tuning of an all-optically controlled mode-coupling induced transparency (MCIT) are proposed, experimentally demonstrated, and theoretically analyzed. The MCIT effect originated from the intermodal coupling between the plethora of modes generated in our fabricated optical microcavity, and the tuning of the transparency mode utilized the cavity's thermal bistability nature. Furthermore, based on our method, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, controlling of the mode shifting efficiency is also achieved with an increase up to two times and more. The proposed scheme paves a unique, simple, and efficient way to manipulate the induced transparency mode, which can be useful for applications like cavity lasing and thermal sensing.
Electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption in atomic systems have applications such as slow-light generation. Coupled-resonator-induced transparency (CRIT) and absorption (CRIA) are the optical analogy to them. Here we theoretically and experimentally study CRIT and CRIA in two directly coupled whispering-gallery-mode microresonators. The theoretical results give conditions for observing CRIT and CRIA, and predict that a transition between them will happen if we change the coupling strength between the two microresonators or the coupling strength between the fiber taper and the first microresonator. The experimental results demonstrate the transitions between CRIT and CRIA using a microsphere coupled to a sausagelike microresonator. The obtained results give some guidelines to observe CRIT and CRIA.
Optical interference and the related effects are key elements which could exhibit the properties of both classical and quantum optical systems. Usually, the interference between different optical paths may produce intriguing effects, such as the electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT) and so on. In this work, we study the interference effects in directly coupled whispering-gallery mode (WGM) micro-resonators, in which the emergence of EIT and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) could be observed. We find by tuning the coupling strength between the resonators, the modulation phase may control the appearance and disappearance of EIT (EIA). Furthermore, we prove the existence of fast and slow light, and propose a scheme for effective switching between them. This work provides a new strategy for obtaining slow light and quantum storage in the WGM micro-resonators.