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Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society

A Proposal for Guiding and Trapping of Cold Atoms in the AC Field of Current‐Carrying Wires

Lifang Xu, Jianping Yin, Yuzhu Wang

Published Jun 1, 2001• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We propose a novel ac electro‐magnetic guiding and trapping of cold neutral atoms, which is based on the interaction of a magnetic dipole moment of guided and trapped atom with both an ac quadrupole magnetic field in the trans verse direction and a dc‐bias magnetic field along the guiding axis. The time‐averaged magnetic potential and force for the atoms are calculated. And the results show that the potential is high enough to collect and guide nearly all of the cold atoms from a standard magneto‐optical trap with a temperature of ∼ 120 μK.

DOI
10.1002/jccs.200100084

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Abstract We propose a novel ac electro‐magnetic guiding and trapping of cold neutral atoms, which is based on the interaction of a magnetic dipole moment of guided and trapped atom with both an ac quadrupole magnetic field in the trans verse direction and a dc‐bias magnetic field along the guiding axis. The time‐averaged magnetic potential and force for the atoms are calculated. And the results show that the potential is high enough to collect and guide nearly all of the cold atoms from a standard magneto‐optical trap with a temperature of ∼ 120 μK.
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Abstract We propose two novel schemes for guiding cold, neutral atoms using static magnetic fields generated by several cylindrical arrays of current‐carrying wires or a few different‐shaped (V‐, or U‐shaped, etc.) current‐carrying conductors, and calculate the corresponding magnetic‐field contours and their trapping potentials. Our study shows that some guiding schemes can be used to form an atomic funnel, or an atomic beam‐splitter, or even construct an atomic interferometer, and some guiding schemes can be used to realize a single‐mode wave guide of ultracold atoms (or coherent matter waves, BEC) under certain conditions. We also propose a few new schemes to microscopically trap neutral atoms by using various planar arrays of current‐carrying wires and calculate the spatial distribution of the magnetic fields. Our research shows that these microtrap arrays can be used to form 1D, 2D or 3D atomic magnetic lattices, and then to prepare 1D, 2D or 3D photonic crystals, even to realize a 1D, 2D or 3D array of magnetically‐trapped BECs or Bose Clusters.
We propose a controllable double-well magneto-optic trap (MOT) for neutral atoms that uses a circular current-carrying wire and a biased magnetic field. One can cause the proposed double-well trap to evolve continually into a single-well trap by reducing the current in the wire or increasing the bias field. We estimate that in a weak intensity approximation a cold atomic sample with a temperature of approximately 300 K and a number of approximately 10(6) atoms can be stored in each MOT. One can control the number of trapped atoms by changing the current in the wire.
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We propose a novel method for guiding cold, neutral atoms using static magnetic fields. A theoretical study of the magnetic field produced by a tube consisting of two identical, interwound solenoids carrying equal but opposite currents is presented. This field is almost zero throughout the centre of the tube, but it increases with exponential rapidity as one approaches the walls formed by the current carrying wires. Hence, cold atoms passing through the tube may be reflected by magnetic mirror effects near the walls. Applying this technique to a free-falling cloud of magneto-optically cooled caesium atoms we hope to construct atomic guides to facilitate the manipulation of cold atomic beams.
We propose a trap for cold neutral atoms using a fictitious magnetic field induced by a nanofiber-guided light field in conjunction with an external magnetic bias field. In close analogy to magnetic side-guide wire traps realized with current-carrying wires, a trapping potential can be formed when applying a homogeneous magnetic bias field perpendicular to the fiber axis. We discuss this scheme in detail for laser-cooled cesium atoms and find trap depths and trap frequencies comparable to the two-color nanofiber-based trapping scheme but with one order of magnitude lower power of the trapping laser field. Moreover, the proposed scheme allows one to bring the atoms closer to the nanofiber surface, thereby enabling efficient optical interfacing of the atoms with additional light fields. Specifically, optical depths per atom, σ 0 / A eff , of more than 0.4 are predicted, making this system eligible for nanofiber-based nonlinear and quantum optics experiments.