Non-Euclidean spacetime structure and the two-slit experiment

Paweł Góra, Abraham Boyarsky

Andrei Yu. Khrennikov

Inter-relation between quantum and classical probability models is one of the most fundamental problems of quantum foundations. Nowadays this problem also plays an important role in quantum technologies, in quantum cryptography and the theory of quantum random generators. In this letter, we compare the viewpoint of Richard Feynman that the behavior of quantum particles cannot be described by classical probability theory with the viewpoint that quantum–classical inter-relation is more complicated (cf, in particular, with the tomographic model of quantum mechanics developed in detail by Vladimir Man'ko). As a basic example, we consider the two-slit experiment, which played a crucial role in quantum foundational debates at the beginning of quantum mechanics (QM). In particular, its analysis led Niels Bohr to the formulation of the principle of complementarity. First, we demonstrate that in complete accordance with Feynman's viewpoint, the probabilities for the two-slit experiment have the non-Kolmogorovian structure, since they violate one of basic laws of classical probability theory, the law of total probability (the heart of the Bayesian analysis). However, then we show that these probabilities can be embedded in a natural way into the classical (Kolmogorov, 1933) probability model. To do this, one has to take into account the randomness of selection of different experimental contexts, the joint consideration of which led Feynman to a conclusion about the non-classicality of quantum probability. We compare this embedding of non-Kolmogorovian quantum probabilities into the Kolmogorov model with well-known embeddings of non-Euclidean geometries into Euclidean space (e.g., the Poincaré disk model for the Lobachvesky plane).

Vito Luigi Lepore

JongJin Ma

In standard physics, spacetime is the stage — it was always there, and everything else happens on it. This paper proposes the opposite: spacetime is not the stage. It is the show itself. We argue that space and time are emergent statistical structures — patterns that arise from the accumulation of quantum events, the same way temperature emerges from the motion of molecules. There is no spacetime at the quantum level. There is only what happens. This single shift in perspective opens new ways of looking at phenomena that have long resisted clean explanation: the double-slit experiment, quantum entanglement and non-locality, and the black hole singularity. This is SSE v1 — Statistical Spacetime Emergence — the first paper in a series.

Vesselin Petkov

Hui Peng

The single slit and double slit (where two slit are parallel) experiments are two profound experiments in Physical/quantum optics. In this article, we study the variety of the optical experiments, including cross single slit, curve-single slit, non-parallel double slit, curve-double slit, non-parallel curve-double slit experiments. The experiments show the following novel patterns. Hourglass-shape diffraction pattern of a Curve-single slit Ring-shape interference pattern with spot at center of a ring Hybrid pattern of a non-parallel double slit Arc-shape and point-symmetry interference patterns of a curve-double slit Butterfly-shape interference pattern of a non-parallel-curve-double slit The experiments show that it is photons that produce wave-like patterns, referred to it as PhotoWave phenomena. It is a challenge to interpret all PhotoWave experiments consistently and completely.